Real Questions and PDF Questions for DMDI301 exam

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Exam Code: DMDI301 Practice exam 2023 by Killexams.com team
BusinessObjects Data Integrator XI - Level Two
Business-Objects BusinessObjects history
Killexams : Business-Objects BusinessObjects history - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/DMDI301 Search results Killexams : Business-Objects BusinessObjects history - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/DMDI301 https://killexams.com/exam_list/Business-Objects Killexams : business objects

(1) A broad category of business processes that are modeled as objects. A business object can be as large as an entire order processing system or a small process within an information system. See object-oriented programming.

(2) (Business Objects) A San Jose-based company acquired by SAP in 2007 for its leadership in business intelligence and decision support tools. Business Objects was founded in France in 1990 by Bernard Liautaud and Denis Payre and was the first to integrate query, reporting and OLAP into one product that shields users from the complexities of making a query. In this context, the word "objects" does not refer to object-oriented programming as in definition #1 above, but to "business items." See SAP.

BusinessObjects (One Word)

Business Objects' products were always branded as one word and fall under the SAP BusinessObjects umbrella. Its flagship software is a suite of query, reporting and analysis tools that runs under Windows and Unix. It provides access to a wide variety of databases, including Oracle, INFORMIX and DB2. As data are extracted from the database, they are stored as multidimensional OLAP cubes that can be easily sliced and diced into different views. See OLAP.

The Semantic Layer

BusinessObjects uses a patented semantic layer that shields users from the complexities of table names and relationships. Once the semantic layer has been defined, users work with familiar "business objects" such as product, customer and revenue.

A BusinessObjects Query To perform a query, users drag and drop the object icons into the "Results" and "Conditions" windows. (Image courtesy of SAP.) Slicing and Dicing The Slice and Dice Panel can rearrange the view. After dragging and dropping different icons, BusinessObjects displays the new perspective. "Section" shows the sequence and report titles, and "Block Structure" shows the data wanted in the report. (Image courtesy of SAP.)
Sun, 21 Jan 2018 03:13:00 -0600 en text/html https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/business-objects
Killexams : how much does sap business objects cost?

BusinessObjects was acquired by SAP in 2007 for $6 billion. BusinessObjects was acquired by SAP in 2009 for $78 billion, its largest acquisition to date. Initially, BusinessObjects operated independently, but in 2009 became a SAP division, and its products became SAP BusinessObjects.

Is SAP BusinessObjects dead?

The general availability announcement for SAP BusinessObjects BI 4 was made recently by SAP. The SAP Business Intelligence 4 application is in step 3. Thus, all speculations that SAP was getting rid of BusinessObjects came to an end. SAP announced SAP BI 4 instead. Supported until 2027, this is 3.

What is SAP BusinessObjects platform?

With BusinessObjects Business Intelligence, you can easily report on, visualize, and share data. In its role as an on-premises BI layer for SAP's Business Technology Platform, it transforms data into actionable insights available from any location, at any time.

How much does Business Objects cost?

Starting at $14000, SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence is offered by SAP. The annual fee is $800. There is no free version of the software. There is no free trial for SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence.

How much does SAP for small business cost?

Starting at $24,958/month for SAP Business One AP Business One Starting @ ₹ 24,958/Month*

How much does it cost for SAP?

As for the licenses, a Professional license will set you back about $3213, whereas a Limited license is $1666 per year. For those who are Professional users, they must pay $94 per month per user, whereas those who are Limited users must pay $54 per month per user. Additionally, you can also purchase a subscription for one year for a prepaid amount.

Does SAP own business objects?

SAP BusinessObjects (BO, BOBJ, or BObjects) is a business intelligence (BI) software company founded by SAP. SAP acquired BusinessObjects in 2007 for a reported $5 billion. During its final earnings release before being acquired by SAP, the company reported that it had over 46,000 customers.

Is SAP BusinessObjects free?

Price details on SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence pricing starts at $14,000. The annual fee is $800. There is no free version of the software.

Is SAP BusinessObjects an ERP?

We will now examine the instruments that are included in the SAP BI offer from the end user's perspective: SAP BusinessObjects BI Suite is a real-time BI platform that is on premises. Integrating extra analytical tools, data sources, or separate applications like ERP is also an option.

What is SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence?

With SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence, you can create reports, share data visualisations, and report on it. It transforms data into useful insights and makes them available anytime, anywhere as the on-premise BI layer for SAP's Business Technology Platform.

What is SAP Business Intelligence platform?

SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence is a tool that provides business intelligence. With SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence, you can create reports, share data visualisations, and report on it. In its role as an on-premises BI layer for SAP's Business Technology Platform, it transforms data into actionable insights available from any location, at any time.

What is SAP BusinessObjects Explorer?

The SAP BusinessObjects Explorer lets you access data within your Business Intelligence system in a Google like manner: just type your question and it will deliver the data in a table, chart, or a variety of other ways that will make sense to you.

Which functionalities belong to the current portfolio of SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence?

  • Provide ad hoc queries and BI reporting that will help business users uncover trends and root causes.
  • Applications related to Data Visualization and Analytics.
  • Integration of office software.
  • Is SAP a reporting tool?

    BI is a tool used to store data and report on it. BI (Business Intelligence) involves cleaning raw data, applying business logic, processing it, and presenting user-friendly information. Business Intelligence is a SAP product that offers a user-friendly interface.

    What is SAP BusinessObjects Web Intelligence?

    A web-based reporting and analysis tool for SAP Business Objects is SAP Business Objects Web Intelligence (WebI). This is a tool that allows you to analyze workforce-related data as a part of the Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) of Washington Workforce Analytics (WWA).

    What is meant by SAP Bobj?

    Reporting and analytical business intelligence (BI) are the core functions of SAP BusinessObjects BI. Formerly known as BOBJ, SAP BO is a business intelligence software solution. This is a front-end-based platform for business intelligence that pulls in data from various back-end sources, rather than storing it in the application itself.

    What is the use of Bobj in SAP?

    Reporting and analytical business intelligence (BI) are the core functions of SAP BusinessObjects BI. Formerly known as BOBJ, SAP BO is a business intelligence software solution. The application includes multiple reporting applications that allow users to conduct analytics, find data, ous reporting applications that help the users to find data, conduct analytics, and generate reports.

    What happened to SAP Business Objects?

    Over time, it became one of the largest and most respected BI vendors. BusinessObjects was acquired by SAP in 2007 for $6 billion. In 2001, SAP acquired SAP for $78 billion, their largest acquisition to date.

    Is Business Objects end of life?

    You may be aware that SAP BusinessObjects BI platform version 4 was recently released. From 31 December 2020, number 1 will undergo an official 'End of Life' (EOL) designation. There are still customers still running 4. As long as you keep using unsupported software, you will be subject to the normal operational, security, and compliance risks that go along with this.

    What is the latest version of SAP Business Objects?

    With SAP BusinessObjects BI 4, a highly successful beta has been completed. The third release has been released. The 4. With the latest version 3, this industry leaders' scalable enterprise reporting platform has taken a major step forward.

Thu, 23 Dec 2021 18:32:00 -0600 en-US text/html https://www.ictsd.org/business/how-much-does-sap-business-objects-cost/
Killexams : Our memory for objects might be better than we think

The next time you're struggling to remember exactly where you left your keys, parked your car or put down your glasses, don't necessarily provide up on your memory completely. Previous research has shown that, if people are shown a large number of objects, they are very good at subsequently remembering which objects they have seen. A new study suggests that people are also surprisingly good at knowing where and when they saw those objects. When shown objects on a 7-by-7 grid, many observers could recall the location of over 100 items, choosing the right location or a cell right next to the correct one. A series of three experiments conducted by investigators from Brigham and Women's Hospital, a founding member of the Mass General Brigham healthcare system, illustrate that people have a "spatial massive memory" (SMM) for where objects are located and a "temporal massive memory" (TMM) for when objects were last seen. Their results are published in Current Biology.

"People often think that their memory is terrible, but our results show that we can recall where and when an object appeared with good, if not perfect, precision for a large number of objects," said corresponding author Jeremy Wolfe, PhD, of the Brigham's Department of Surgery. "While our spatial and temporal memory for objects may not be as impressive as some birds or squirrels, who have to remember where they hid their food for the winter, our data show that we do have massive memory for objects."

To conduct their study, Wolfe and colleagues asked participants to remember a number of objects placed on a 7-by-7 grid. Each item was highlighted for two seconds by placing a red square around it. After participants were shown the items, all of the images were removed and the participants were then tested on their ability to recall if they had seen an item before and, if so, where it had been located on the grid.

"In some ways, this is a bit like the game of Memory that many of us played as children, where we turned over a card and then tried to recall the location of a matching card that we had seen before," said Wolfe. "But unlike in the children's game, we didn't just count the exact 'correct' answer. We measured how close the participant got to the previously seen image."

Altogether observers saw 300 different objects. Many observers could localize over 100 items to within +/- one cell of the true object location. In a subsequent experiment, participants were shown items one at a time and were asked to click on a timeline, present on the screen, to indicate when they had seen the object. The researchers reported that participants localized 60-80% of old items to within +/-10% of their correct time, markedly better than the 40% that they could have gotten by guessing.

The authors note that further experiments would be needed to define the upper limits of massive memory or to investigate other courses such as possible gender effects on memory.

Wolfe explains that some things slide into our long-term memory far more easily than others -- understanding what we can remember most easily, such as pictures of objects and scenes, could help us make the most of our memory.

"Since ancient times, people have been using memory tricks related to our ability to remember pictures and scenes to help encode large amounts of information to store in their minds. In that sense, it's not terribly surprising that, using our methods, we discover that we're pretty good at remembering where objects are," said Wolfe. "Our experiments show that spatial and temporal massive memories exist. Future research will define their limits."

Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant 1848783) and the Harvard Mind Brain and Behavior program.

Mon, 23 Jan 2023 06:10:00 -0600 en text/html https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/01/230123123255.htm
Killexams : The Simple Explanation for All These Flying Objects

The North American skies, it turns out, contain lots of unidentified objects. That is the unremarkable conclusion from a remarkable weekend in which fighter jets downed a trio of separate flying things—over Alaska, northern Canada, and Lake Huron. This weekend’s sky wars followed the identification and eventual downing of a Chinese surveillance balloon earlier this month, only after it had traversed the continental United States and was safely over U.S. waters.

This is a strange series of events. A single deployment of Air Force units to obliterate something in the sky is unusual; to have three more in close succession seems quite unprecedented. Is this activity connected to a sophisticated new Chinese plot? Russian opportunism? Some other aggression testing our systems? Aliens? Pentagon officials have downplayed that last possibility while offering little additional detail about what these objects are. Before Americans react with rage or fear over the apparent uptick in intrusions into our skies, we should consider the simplest explanation: a recalibration of the U.S. military’s policies on aerial intrusions. We are seeing the legacy of the Chinese-balloon incident, which put two new factors in play.

First, the U.S. is finding more things in the sky because it is looking for more things. The scope and quality of the surveillance of American skies have increased since the first incident earlier this month and the subsequent public revelation of previous Chinese incursions. Air-defense authorities have widened the camera aperture, so to speak, and doing so will provide them more, not fewer, things to look at. This does not mean the objects are threatening or even new. Think of an MRI, which may find cell clumps that are cancerous—but will also find clumps that are innocuous and would be nothing but for the looking.

Second, just as our surveillance has increased, America’s standard for shooting stuff out of the sky is now lower. The Chinese balloon has made U.S. officials more willing to act, even knowing that many such cases could be false positives. American airspace is full of objects—balloons, surveillance equipment, corporate gizmos, various other innocuously errant devices—and American air defense seems to have been relatively tolerant of those in the past. After all, there is a lot of sky, and scrambling F-22s is expensive. The risk calculation now—is the device manned? Does it threaten commercial aviation? Would shooting it harm people below?—is being balanced well before any verification of what the thing is.

Recent events have increased the likelihood of a shootdown. Lest people around the world assume that the downed objects reflect hostile intentions, the White House should quickly disclose the nature of the objects now in U.S. possession, even if they are nothing significant. Especially if they are nothing significant. The U.S. cannot shoot first and then avoid asking or answering questions.

Is something nefarious going on? Maybe, maybe not. The U.S. may be under a new threat or finally seeing more evidence of an old threat, but perhaps none of this is new or terribly threatening. Jumping to only one conclusion, without considering others, is the quickest way to make a major national-security error.

Mon, 13 Feb 2023 02:56:00 -0600 en text/html https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/02/us-unidentified-objects-china-balloon/673037/
Killexams : FAA declares 'safest period in aviation history' after US shoots down objects, close calls at airports

The acting administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration wrote in a memorandum to the agency's management board that "we are experiencing the safest period in aviation history" just over a week after the military shot down a Chinese spy craft and three "objects" over the past several days.

FAA Acting Administrator Billy Nolen made the comments in the Tuesday memorandum.

"We are experiencing the safest period in aviation history, but we cannot take this for granted. exact events remind us that we must not become complacent. Now is the time to stare into the data and ask hard questions," Nolen wrote in the memo. "We must ensure that our structure is fit for purpose for the U.S. aerospace system of both today and the future. That’s why I’m forming a safety review team to examine the U.S. aerospace system’s structure, culture, processes, systems, and integration of safety efforts."

His comments come as the U.S. military shot down a Chinese spy craft on Feb. 4, followed by the shoot-down of three unidentified objects that posed a threat to civil aviation since then.

UNITED AIRLINES FLIGHT PLUNGED TO WITHIN 800 FEET OF PACIFIC OCEAN AFTER TAKEOFF, DATA SHOWS

United Airlines planes are parked at their gates at O'Hare International Airport ahead of the Thanksgiving holiday in Chicago, Illinois, U.S., November 20, 2021. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (Reuters/Brendan McDermid / Reuters Photos)

On Dec. 18, 2022, a United Airlines flight departing from Maui, Hawaii, climbed to an altitude of 2,200 feet nearly a minute after takeoff and then plunged to just 775 feet above sea level before climbing back up.

At the time of takeoff, the airport was experiencing heavy rain and a flash flood warning was in effect.

"After landing at SFO, the pilots filed the appropriate safety report," a United Airlines spokesman told FOX Business. "United then closely coordinated with the FAA and ALPA [Air Line Pilots Association] on an investigation that ultimately resulted in the pilots receiving additional training. Safety remains our highest priority."

On Feb. 4, a FedEx plane and a Southwest passenger plane came close to colliding while the FedEx plane was cleared for takeoff.

In January, a Delta Air Lines plane stopped just about 1,000 feet from the location where an American Airlines plane was crossing an adjacent taxiway, avoiding a collision.

FAA PROPOSES $1.1 MILLION FINE AGAINST UNITED AIRLINES OVER PRE-FLIGHT SAFETY CHECK 

Delta Air Lines passenger jets rest on the tarmac, July 21, 2021, at Boston Logan International Airport, in Boston. (AP Photo/Steven Senne, File / AP Newsroom)

Nolen said that he's forming a "safety review team to examine the U.S. aerospace system’s structure, culture, processes, systems, and integration of safety efforts."

He added that the agency will be holding a safety summit in March to "examine what additional actions the aviation community needs to take to maintain our safety record."

Speaking to the near-collisions, Nolen said that the Commercial Aviation Safety Team should take a "fresh look" at Aviation Safety Information Analysis and Sharing data in order to "mine the data to see whether there are other incidents that resemble ones we have seen in exact weeks."

"Finally, the review team will focus on the Air Traffic Organization (ATO). The review team will assess ATO’s internal processes, systems, and operational integration. I will ask the team to explore actions needed to reinforce a collaborative, data-driven safety culture. The review will also look for opportunities to strengthen the connection between ATO and the FAA Aviation Safety organization for monitoring and addressing of safety risks," Nolen writes in the Memo.

CLICK HERE TO READ MORE ON FOX BUSINESS         

An American Airlines jet moves along the runway at Laguardia AIrport on November 10, 2022 in the Queens borough of New York City. (Photo by Bruce Bennett/Getty Images / Getty Images)

"We know that our aviation system is changing dramatically. Now is the time to act," he added.

The Associated Press and Fox News' Bradford Betz, Greg Norman, and Anders Hagstrom contributed to this report.

Tue, 14 Feb 2023 13:05:00 -0600 Adam Sabes en-US text/html https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/faa-declares-safest-period-aviation-history-us-shoots-objects-close-calls-airports
Killexams : Let's celebrate Black entrepreneurs in Black History Month. They are the real race revolutionaries

As seemingly every mainstream media outlet and political blog reminds us, this week marks the beginning of Black History Month. Democrats and left-wing elites are marking the occasion as a media hook to push progressive policies such as race reparations that they claim will help overcome racial and economic divides.

Hulu is out with a new screen adaptation of the New York Times' debunked "1619 Project." This propaganda is critical race theory 101, claiming slavery's legacy still determines modern American institutions like the economy. 

Black History Month is a paean to Black activism as a means of improving Black Americans' well-being. While activism certainly had its place to overcome the real structural racism of the past, the better way for Black Americans to get ahead today is through entrepreneurship. 

WANT TO BE AN ANTIRACIST? BE A CAPITALIST

As I argue in my new book, "The Real Race Revolutionaries: How Minority Entrepreneurship Can Overcome America's Racial and Economic Divides," entrepreneurship is the real revolutionary act that Black Americans can take to empower themselves and their communities. 

In fact, Black entrepreneurs are already overcoming racial and economic divides. A Congressional Black Caucus Foundation study finds that the median net worth for Black business owners is 12 times higher than for Black non-business owners. University of Washington economist William Bradford draws on such data to argue that "increasing the rate of black entrepreneurship will reduce the wealth disparity between black and white families." 

Political activism, by contrast, is motion without movement. To the extent it succeeds, it threatens to calcify racial income and wealth divides by disrupting the greatest "anti-racist" advancement force: capitalism

The debate over the better way to achieve racial economic equality – via activism or entrepreneurship – isn't new. The Black intellectuals W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington clashed over this question while advocating for racial equality at the turn of the 20th century. 

10 FACTS ABOUT BLACK HISTORY MONTH THAT ARE WELL WORTH KNOWING DURING OBSERVANCES IN FEBRUARY

Du Bois argued that activism and political power were the best way for Black Americans to attain racial equality, while Washington contended that entrepreneurship was the better approach.

Du Bois believed capitalism to be inherently racist and became a member of the Socialist Party of the United States. He argued that Black schools should teach the liberal arts to develop an elite Black leadership class. He also called on Black Americans to increase their protests and political influence.

Washington, by contrast, believed Black Americans should harness the power of capitalism to become economically independent. He called on them to pursue "industry, thrift, intelligence, and property" to attain financial security that would usher in social equality. 

Of Washington, the historian C. Vann Woodward wrote, "The businessman's gospel of free enterprise, competition, and laissez-faire never had a more loyal exponent." Washington pushed for Black schools to focus on trades and entrepreneurship to teach students the skills they needed to earn a living.

Intellectuals and the media have celebrated Du Bois's political approach while Washington has been accused of selling out Black interests. 

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Today, Du Bois's spiritual descendants, including Black authors and intellectuals Ta-Nehisi Coates and Ibram X. Kendi, are similarly feted for their political activism.

Yet with time, Washington's entrepreneurial approach has proven the better way to overcome racial and economic divides. 

Black political dominance in major American cities in exact generations has not translated to racial economic equality. In fact, Black residents in such areas as Chicago often face high crime and a dearth of economic opportunity. 

By a variety of economic measures, Barack Obama's presidency was detrimental to many Black Americans, as his anti-capitalist policies reduced entrepreneurship avenues.

Though you won't hear about it during Black History Month, Black Americans are quietly overcoming racial economic disparities by heeding Washington's call to entrepreneurship. 

CLICK HERE TO READ MORE ON FOX BUSINESS

They are the forgotten minorities of America's racial story. These real race revolutionaries eschew media glory for real racial progress. 

They are the success stories that we should actually feature this month. 

Alfredo Ortiz is president and CEO of Job Creators Network. This column is adapted from his new book, "The Real Race Revolutionaries: How Minority Entrepreneurship Can Overcome America's Racial and Economic Divides."

Thu, 02 Feb 2023 07:40:00 -0600 Alfredo Ortiz en-US text/html https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/celebrate-black-entrepreneurs-black-history-month-real-race-revolutionaries
Killexams : Hittin’ the Town: Maumee business is “steeped” in history

TOLEDO, Ohio (WTVG) - There are plenty of places to get a good cup of coffee around town, but what about a space for those who are partial to tea? Clara J’s Tea Room in Maumee serves up all kinds of tasty teas, fabulous food and hosts special events, too.

The tea room sits along a quiet Maumee street. Inside the nearly 200-year-old building, you’ll find a tea for everyone’s taste.

Gretchen Fayerweather, the owner of Clara J’s, said they provide pots of tea for all guests.

“We brew pots of tea for every guest. They sit at a table with linens. Our silverware is real silver. The china is vintage and so are most of the teapots. We take you back to a time where instead of fast food, there was slow food,” she said.

Fayerweather is a chef by trade, and food is also a big part of the Proper Tea experience here.

“We serve four days a week with two different seating times. You start with scones, then there are nine different little bites of savory sandwiches and sweets. We also serve a full-menu lunch. You can come in and have hot tea, iced tea, scones, sandwiches, entrees, and the works,” Fayerweather said.

The tea room is a place for everyone of all ages.

“We’ve had five generations of one family at one table. We had a 101-year-old birthday last summer, and then a couple days later we had a couple bringing in their 5-day-old baby because this is the place where they started their journey dating and they wanted us all to meet her. We love that this is a place for the young and the young at heart,” Fayerweather said.

It’s a chance to enjoy good tea, good food and good company.

“It’s nice to be able to sit with friends and not have the phone go off or emails coming through and just enjoy your time together,” Fayerweather said.

Many of the guests come to Clara J’s dressed to the nines.

“We have ladies who come in wearing hats, gloves, and fascinators. Little girls come dressed as their favorite princesses. But you don’t have to dress up. Everyone is treated to a fine tea experience,” Fayerweather said.

As you might imagine, there are proper ways to enjoy a cup of tea.

“The only thing that should go on your saucer is a spoon. Another thing that is important when you go to a tea, never pour your own tea, you pour tea for others,” Fayerweather said.

So what does it take to brew the perfect cup of tea? It is truly an art form that comes down to timing and science. Some like their tea on the lighter side, while others want a strong cup.

“Depending on the tea you choose, the timing is different and the amount you put in is different. It takes time to learn how to brew tea and what tea you like, Fayerweather said.

There are all kinds of choices here.

“Every month we have about 30 teas and we usually feature a couple teas every day. Some people like small pots, others like large pots. Some people will have a large pot just for themselves. We also have about 150 loose teas we can brew at any point,” Fayerweather said.

In addition to lunches and Proper Teas, Clara J’s hosts events.

“Once a month we have a special event. We have different themes. We’ve had Harry Potter, Willy Wonka, Alice in Wonderland-themed events. We also do special teas connected to movies like Downton Abbey. Our staff dresses up and we all have a wonderful time,” Fayerweather said.

Whether it’s a grand event or a simple afternoon tea, it’s all about creating a special experience for people.

“I love to see our guests enjoy themselves whether it’s the tea, the food or the ambiance. That is my favorite thing at the end of the day,” Fayerweather said.

Clara J’s Tea Room is at 219 West Wayne Street in Maumee.

Fayerweather said many guests take a couple of hours to sit and sip their tea and enjoy their meal.

Lunch is served Tuesday through Saturday 11-3. Proper Teas are served Wednesday through Saturday at 11 and 1:30. Reservations are needed for the Proper Teas.

To learn more, click here.

See a spelling or grammar error in our story? Please include the title when you click here to report it.

Sat, 18 Feb 2023 05:07:00 -0600 en text/html https://www.13abc.com/2023/02/18/hittin-town-maumee-business-is-steeped-history/
Killexams : Small objects in sky can easily lead to aviation disaster, experts say

Comment

Even small objects can cause massive damage to fast-moving airplanes, aviation experts say, underscoring the inherent risks to pilots and passengers of collisions in the nation’s airspace after three flying objects were shot down over North America since Friday.

It’s a matter of basic physics, experts said: a small mass colliding with a fast-moving plane can create significant destructive energy — and such an encounter could easily lead to disaster, they said.

Federal officials said the object shot down by the U.S. military Sunday over Lake Huron had been traveling at about 20,000 feet. That altitude is commonly used by short-haul commuter and business jets. The object downed Friday over Alaska had been moving at roughly 40,000 feet, where large passenger planes often fly.

“If any of these objects were to get in the way and collide with these aircraft, it would be catastrophic,” said Jeff Guzzetti, a former accident investigator with the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Transportation Safety Board. “You’re talking about flying through the air at hundreds of miles per hour … It doesn’t take much at those velocities to impart significant structural damage to an airplane.”

Guzzetti pointed to the case of a business jet that crashed near Oklahoma City in 2008, killing the five people on board, after hitting one or more American white pelicans. The birds weigh up to 20 pounds, according to the NTSB, and the collision damaged the wing structure of the Cessna 500. In a collision with a high-speed aircraft, any object that weighs more than about 20 pounds can cause terrible damage, including tearing though an aircraft’s hull, its main structure, he said.

The guiding principle of the U.S. air traffic control system, which helps usher pilots through the world’s busiest airspace, is that there should be clear information about what is flying where to help aircraft of all types and sizes avoid each other.

“Separation” is the aviation safety watchword, and having objects floating willy-nilly through the nation’s highly orchestrated airspace violates basic safety tenets, experts said.

“If they’re not announced, they’re floating obstacles that have the potential to bring down aircraft,” Guzzetti said. “That is just an unacceptable risk.”

Hassan Shahidi, president and chief executive of the nonprofit Flight Safety Foundation, said the risks to large commercial airliners are present at a wide range of altitudes, since they are routinely guided above and below their general cruising levels at the direction of air traffic controllers.

When those controllers clear a pilot to fly anywhere in the nation’s airspace, both parties expect that airspace will be clear, Shahidi said. Any time there’s an object or aircraft outside the normal air surveillance and identification process, “it poses a great danger when it’s floating out there,” Shahidi said.

Defense Department officials said the object downed over Alaska on Friday was “about the size of a small car” and did not resemble “in any way” the Chinese surveillance balloon shot down Feb. 4 off the coast of South Carolina. On Monday, officials said the three objects shot down since Friday, including one over Canada, were smaller and less sophisticated than the surveillance balloon.

“If they’re the size of a small car, that’s not small. That’s very large when we’re talking about commercial airliners,” Shahidi said. “It will basically blow it up. It’s that serious.”

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Tue, 14 Feb 2023 06:51:00 -0600 Michael Laris en text/html https://www.washingtonpost.com/transportation/2023/02/14/objects-sky-airplanes-risk/
Killexams : What we know so far about the Chinese spy balloon and the other objects shot down
 

Jan. 28

China's surveillance balloon entered U.S. airspace near Alaska before transiting over Canada and then the continental U.S. 

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 2

The Defense Department said it was tracking the balloon over the continental U.S., and that the balloon had been over Montana a day earlier, on Feb. 1. Following the announcement, the balloon stopped loitering and proceeded as fast as it could toward the East Coast, a U.S. official said.

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 4: Balloon shot down

 A U.S. fighter jet shot down the balloon off the coast of South Carolina.

The spy balloon's height was comparable to the Statue of Liberty, about "200 feet tall with a jetliner size payload," Assistant Secretary of Defense Melissa Dalton told senators during a hearing on Feb. 9. 

It had collection pod equipment, including high-tech equipment that could collect communications signals and other sensitive information, and solar panels located on the metal truss suspended below the balloon, according to government officials. It had equipment that was "clearly for intelligence surveillance," including "multiple antennas" that were "likely capable of collecting and geo-locating communications," according to a statement by a senior State Department official

US Chinese Balloon South Carolina
A large balloon is seen above the Atlantic Ocean, just off the coast of South Carolina, with a fighter jet and its contrail seen below it, on Saturday, Feb. 4, 2023. The balloon was downed by a missile from an F-22 fighter just off Myrtle Beach. Chad Fish / AP

Video of the balloon showed small motors and multiple propellers that allowed China to actively maneuver the balloon over specific locations, according to a senior administration official, and it was steered by rudder, a U.S. official said. 

The balloon's payload weighed more than a couple thousand pounds, according to Gen. Glen VanHerck, commander of North American Aerospace Defense Command and U.S. Northern Command. 

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 5: Balloon recovery begins

Recovery of the balloon began. It was delayed by a day after it was shot down because of rough seas off the coast of South Carolina, Dalton said. 

A U.S. official said later that underwater pictures of the debris field show the wreckage remarkably intact given its fall from 60,000 feet. The debris field is about seven miles wide and the debris is in relatively shallow water, at about 47 feet deep, according to a senior military official. 

Navy and FBI dive teams have been involved in the search. 

Chinese spy balloon recovery
Sailors assigned to Explosive Ordnance Disposal Group 2 recover a high altitude balloon off the coast of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, Feb. 5, 2023. The suspected Chinese spy balloon was shot down on Saturday, Feb. 4.  U.S. Navy Photo

Upon collection of the wreckage, the evidence was rinsed clean of salt water before the FBI forensically examined it, according to senior FBI officials.

The FBI has been evaluating evidence collected from debris field in the Atlantic at the bureau's lab in Quantico, Virginia, senior FBI officials said. The FBI lab has the balloon canopy, wires and other electronic components collected from the water surface. The officials said they have not detected explosive materials on the evidence that has already been examined. 

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 10

The search for debris was suspended because of bad weather. The debris that was not retrieved from the bottom of the ocean had been weighted down to prevent it from being moved by the heavy seas. 

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 10 to 12: Three more unidentified objects

Three more objects were spotted over U.S. and Canadian airspace. On Friday, Feb. 10, U.S. officials downed a "high-altitude object" off the coast of Alaska. An unidentified object was shot down in Canadian airspace the next day, and the U.S. military shot down another object spotted over the Great Lakes region that Sunday, Feb. 12.

During a briefing that night, Defense Department officials said the last three objects did not pose a kinetic military threat, but their path and proximity to sensitive Defense Department sites and the altitude they were flying could be a hazard to civilian aviation and thus raised concern.

Dalton said in the briefing with reporters that the U.S has been more closely scrutinizing airspace at certain altitudes, including enhancing the radar. 

The unidentified object that was downed near Alaska was the size of a small car, according to the Pentagon. The object shot down over Lake Huron appeared to be octagonal in shape with strings hanging off, but no discernable payload, a senior administration official said. 

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 13: Balloon recovery

Recovery efforts resumed after being postponed because of bad weather. 

A U.S. official said a "significant" portion – 30 to 40 feet – of the balloon's antenna array was recovered from the ocean bottom. These portions will be going to an FBI lab at Quantico, an official said. 

State Department spokesman Ned Price said that the State Department has had communication with its Chinese counterpart because "we believe in keeping lines of communication open." 

Price said the focus remained on recovery efforts. 

More photos were released of what has been recovered so far of the balloon. 

High-Altitude Balloon 2023
Sailors assigned to Assault Craft Unit 4 prepare material recovered in the Atlantic Ocean from a high-altitude balloon for transport to federal agents at Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek Feb. 10, 2023.  U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Ryan Seelbach
High-Altitude Balloon 2023
Sailors assigned to Assault Craft Unit 4 prepare material recovered in the Atlantic Ocean from a high-altitude balloon for transport to federal agents at Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek Feb. 10, 2023.   U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Ryan Seelbach
High Altitude Balloon 2023
Sailors assigned to the Harpers Ferry-class dock landing ship USS Carter Hall (LSD 50) supply department, coordinate the resupply of food supplies for Carter Hall. U.S. Navy photo by Lt. j.g. Jerry Ireland)
High-Altitude Balloon 2023
Sailors assigned to Assault Craft Unit 4 prepare material recovered in the Atlantic Ocean from a high-altitude balloon for transport to federal agents at Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek Feb. 10, 2023.  U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Ryan Seelbach
By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 13: Other unidentified objects

The search for the objects shot down off the coast of Alaska and over Canada is continuing, National Security Council spokesman John Kirby said during a White House briefing, because the remains are located in remote terrain, making them hard to find. He said the object over Lake Huron is in deep water. 

Kirby said that the U.S. did not detect that any of the objects were sending communications signals before they were shot down. The U.S. also assessed that they showed no signs of self-propulsion or maneuvering and were not manned, he said. 

"The likely hypothesis is they were being moved by the prevailing winds," Kirby said. 

Kirby said on MSNBC on Monday that the objects were flying at between 20,000 and 40,000 feet. Most commercial aircraft fly at about 30,000 feet. These objects were also shot down, he said, because they were much smaller than the Chinese balloon.   

No one has claimed ownership of any of them and the U.S., Kirby said, has not yet been able to gain access to the unmanned objects in part because of weather conditions and also because the one shot down Sunday over Lake Huron is underwater. 

There may be "completely benign and totally explainable reasons" for why these objects were flying over North America, but the U.S. won't know whether that's the case until they are retrieved, Kirby said.

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 14

Kirby said there is so far no indication that the three unidentified objects were part of Chinas' spying program or involved in "external intelligence collection efforts." The U.S. is also "ruling out that they were U.S. government objects," he said. Though it's still possible they were linked to commercial or research entities. 

"That very well could be or could emerge as a leading explanation here," he told reporters. 

Army Gen. Mark Milley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, confirmed that the first missile fired by a U.S. fighter jet at the object over Lake Huron missed its target and landed in the water. The second missile hit the target, he said. 

Milley also revealed more about the search for the three objects, saying none have yet been recovered because they're located in "very difficult terrain" — one in the Arctic Circle off the coast of Alaska, the second in a mountain range in northern Canada and the third is likely a couple hundred feet underwater in Lake Huron. 

"We'll get them eventually but it's going to take some time to recover them," he said. 

And, U.S. officials also said Tuesday that U.S. intelligence tracked the spy balloon that was shot down earlier this month when it lifted off from Hainan Island, off the south coast of China. It drifted east in the direction of Guam and Hawaii and then went north toward Alaska, entering U.S. airspace on Jan. 28. Given the path, it's possible that the balloon was blown off course by weather, but officials said that once it came south over the continental United States, it was being controlled by China. 

By Caitlin Yilek
 

Feb. 16: Biden speaks about latest objects

President Biden addressed the nation about the spy balloon and unidentified objects for the first time since they were shot down, saying the three most exact incidents are not believed to be part of China's expansive spy balloon program. 

"Nothing right now suggests they were related to China's spy balloon program or that they were surveillance vehicles from any other country," he said. 

Special Report: Biden speaks about Chinese spy balloon and other objects shot down 15:50

Mr. Biden said at the time the three objects were shot down over North America, the U.S. could not rule out the possible surveillance risk to sensitive facilities. But he said the intelligence community's current assessment is that the unidentified objects are "most likely balloons tied to private companies, recreation or research institutions, studying weather or conducting other scientific research." 

The U.S. has apparently been observing more such objects recently because the military enhanced the sensitivity of its radars. 

The Navy ended its recovery operations for the spy balloon's remnants off the coast of South Carolina after retrieving the parts they were looking for.

"Final pieces of debris are being transferred to the Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory in Virginia for counterintelligence exploitation, as has occurred with the previous surface and subsurface debris recovered," U.S. Northern Command said in a statement.

By Caitlin Yilek
Thu, 16 Feb 2023 22:43:00 -0600 en-US text/html https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/chinas-spy-balloon-unidentified-objects-shot-down-what-we-know-so-far/
Killexams : Our memory for objects might be better than we think

The next time you're struggling to remember exactly where you left your keys, parked your car or put down your glasses, don't necessarily provide up on your memory completely. Previous research has shown that, if people are shown a large number of objects, they are very good at subsequently remembering which objects they have seen. A new study suggests that people are also surprisingly good at knowing where and when they saw those objects. When shown objects on a 7-by-7 grid, many observers could recall the location of over 100 items, choosing the right location or a cell right next to the correct one. A series of three experiments conducted by investigators from Brigham and Women's Hospital, a founding member of the Mass General Brigham healthcare system, illustrate that people have a "spatial massive memory" (SMM) for where objects are located and a "temporal massive memory" (TMM) for when objects were last seen. Their results are published in Current Biology.

"People often think that their is terrible, but our results show that we can recall where and when an object appeared with good, if not perfect, precision for a large number of objects," said corresponding author Jeremy Wolfe, Ph.D., of the Brigham's Department of Surgery. "While our spatial and temporal memory for objects may not be as impressive as some birds or squirrels, who have to remember where they hid their food for the winter, our data show that we do have massive memory for objects."

To conduct their study, Wolfe and colleagues asked participants to remember a number of objects placed on a 7-by-7 grid. Each item was highlighted for two seconds by placing a red square around it. After participants were shown the items, all of the images were removed and the participants were then tested on their ability to recall if they had seen an item before and, if so, where it had been located on the grid.

"In some ways, this is a bit like the game of Memory that many of us played as children, where we turned over a card and then tried to recall the location of a matching card that we had seen before," said Wolfe. "But unlike in the children's game, we didn't just count the exact 'correct' answer. We measured how close the participant got to the previously seen image."

Altogether observers saw 300 different objects. Many observers could localize over 100 items to within +/- one cell of the true object location. In a subsequent experiment, participants were shown items one at a time and were asked to click on a timeline, present on the screen, to indicate when they had seen the object. The researchers reported that participants localized 60-80% of old items to within +/-10% of their correct time, markedly better than the 40% that they could have gotten by guessing.

The authors note that further experiments would be needed to define the upper limits of massive memory or to investigate other courses such as possible gender effects on memory.

Wolfe explains that some things slide into our long-term memory far more easily than others—understanding what we can remember most easily, such as pictures of objects and scenes, could help us make the most of our memory.

"Since , people have been using memory tricks related to our ability to remember pictures and scenes to help encode large amounts of information to store in their minds. In that sense, it's not terribly surprising that, using our methods, we discover that we're pretty good at remembering where objects are," said Wolfe. "Our experiments show that spatial and temporal massive memories exist. Future research will define their limits."

More information: Jeremy M Wolfe, Spatial and Temporal Massive Memory in Humans, Current Biology (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.12.040. www.cell.com/current-biology/f … 0960-9822(22)01977-7

Citation: Our memory for objects might be better than we think (2023, January 23) retrieved 19 February 2023 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-01-memory.html

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Mon, 23 Jan 2023 02:00:00 -0600 en text/html https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-01-memory.html
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