Dell's System Restore option is part of the operating system, allowing you to back up your data, return the computer to factory condition and then restore all of your information with an integrated process. Certain operating systems and restore applications require an administrator password, to protect you from the kind of unauthorized access that can destroy all of your data.
The Windows XP restore process does not require an administrator password for initialization on a Dell computer. Users can access the restore option by pressing the correct combination of keys during system start-up. When the splash screen appears, press and hold the "Ctrl" key and "F11" simultaneously. Release both keys together and wait for the restore panel to appear. You must confirm the action because it erases the data on your drive, but no security password is required.
Dell included more security features within the restore function on the Vista computers. You must enter your computer's administrator password when you start the backup function, and again when you launch the system restore. Any account with administrator privileges on the computer is acceptable to access and start this process.
Dell integrated an additional application in some operating system releases following Windows Vista. The Dell Local Backup 2.0 application prompts for an administrator account when you first launch the restore function. You can log in as any user with administrator privileges on the computer; it does not require the top-level "Administrator" account.
By default, Dell de-activates the administrative password on new computers. You can and should enable the password feature for security purposes. You can help restrict access to your personal information when you secure your data with an administrator account. The user account section of the Control Panel allows you to customize the accounts, setting a password for the administrator account within that panel. If you lose your administrator password and are unable to restore it, you can contact Dell's support team for assistance.
Kefa Olang has been writing articles online since April 2009. He has been published in the "Celebration of Young Poets" and has an associate degree in communication and media arts from Dutchess Community College, and a bachelor's degree in broadcasting and mass communication from the State University of New York, Oswego.
In the 1980s, a 19-year-old pre-med student at the University of Texas just happened to like computers – a lot. Michael Dell never made it to graduation and dropped out at the end of his first year to pursue a different dream, armed only with a $1,000 stake from his family and a love of PCs. No one could have predicted that Dell would turn his dorm room “business” into Dell Inc., a globally recognized leader in computing.
Dell merged with EMC Corporation in late 2016, and the new company was rebranded as Dell Technologies, which includes Dell, Dell EMC, Pivotal, RSA, Secureworks, Virtustream and VMware. According to Forbes, Dell Technologies (before completion of the merger with EMC) was the fourth largest privately held company in the United States and the world’s largest privately held technology company. With offices in more than 180 countries worldwide, Dell boasts more than 145,000 employees, with sales exceeding $74 billion in 2016. According to its investor relations website, a whopping 98% of all Fortune 500 companies use Dell Technologies products and services. Dell is also well represented in Gartner Magic Quadrant leader lists for products and services, including the Data Center Backup and Recovery Software, Managed Security Services, and Integrated Systems lists.
Computing products remain a staple in the Dell product portfolio. Consumers interested in laptops, workstations, tablets and desktops will find a variety of products available (along with peripherals such as monitors, printers and VDI appliances) to meet personal, SMB, enterprise or gaming requirements. Dell also offers solutions for networks, storage, servers, gateways and embedded computing, as well as a broad range of IT and business services.
Dell Technologies’ products and services currently fall under seven technology brands:
Within each brand, there are multiple products, services and solutions that cater to specific areas of interest for Dell customers.
VMware, Secureworks and Pivotal continue to strategically align with Dell Technologies’ core business areas. VMware continues to provide hybrid cloud, mobile computing and software-defined data center solutions. Pivotal offers analytic tools, next-generation software development methodology and modern cloud-native platforms, while Secureworks focuses on incident response and threat intelligence security. RSA helps companies manage and monitor their digital risk profiles and activities.
In response to its merger with EMC, Dell and Dell EMC’s certification programs have merged into the unified Dell EMC Proven Professional certification portfolio. You’ll find that the website and certifications have a brand-new look and feel. Dell Education Services offers two CompTIA certs along with numerous Dell EMC certifications divided up by technology category or track, including Storage, Data Protection, Converged Infrastructure and Data Science. A accurate search of the Dell certification website finds that Dell no longer offers Microsoft certification training courses.
If you’re not sure where to start on your certification journey, the new Dell EMC Proven Professional certification framework is a great starting point. Here, you’ll find certifications for four skill levels:
The certification framework is hierarchical: The specialist certification takes the lower-level associate credential as a prerequisite, while the expert-level credentials take both the associate and specialist credentials as prerequisites. Associate and specialist certifications do not expire. Master and expert certifications expire after two years.
In Dell’s certification framework, you’ll find Dell EMC credentials across eight different tracks: Technology Architect (TA), Cloud Architect (CA), Enterprise Architect (EA), Implementation Engineer (IE), Systems Administrator (SA), Platform Engineer (PE), Technical Support Engineer (TSE) and Data Scientist (DS). The certification framework also maps credentials back to specific technology areas (cloud, storage, data protection, server, networking, converged infrastructure and data science).
There are also certification maps for role-based credentials:
Certification candidates should register with Dell EMC TechDirect. From the TechDirect portal, candidates can access free exam prep materials, schedule exams, view exam results and print their certification transcripts. Candidates may also view their company’s competency status through the TechDirect portal.
Dell Partners whose employees have earned the Certified Deployment Professional badge may be eligible to earn the Services Competency for Deployment (or simply Deployment Competency) designation. To earn this competency, Partners must be at least at the Gold tier level and have two or more employees who’ve passed the associated exam. A formal application must be submitted to Dell requesting Deployment Competency designation. Deployment Competency designations are available for Server, Storage, Networking and Client Systems.
Because Dell has updated its certification portfolio, it’s well worth your time to peruse the new Dell EMC Proven Professional Certification Framework to understand the new certification flow. All certification tracks begin with selecting a technology concentration: Cloud, Storage, Data Protection, Server, Networking, Converged Infrastructure or Data Science. Next, candidates earn the DECA (associate) credential recommended for their technology track. From there, candidates select the applicable role-based certification roadmap (Plan and Design, Deploy, Manage, or Support) and follow the certification recommendations to earn the specialist, expert and master credentials available in that certification path.
Below, we’ve listed some examples of the many certifications you’ll find in the new Dell EMC program. We’ve chosen to present these certification examples by the available technology tracks.
The Server technology roadmap is the only certification path where a third-party certification, the CompTIA Server+, serves as the associate-level credential.
On top of its Certified Deployment Professional certifications, Dell Education Services has partnered with several third-party organizations in the past to provide certifications for CompTIA and Microsoft certifications. However, Dell has reduced the number of CompTIA cert courses that it offers and totally eliminated its Microsoft cert courses.
CompTIA is a well-known, vendor-neutral certification provider. Dell has reduced its CompTIA certification training courses to just two online offerings: A+ and Linux+ certs. The cost for CompTIA training courses ranges from $550 to $650 for these topics.
According to Dell, 78% of all companies use IT deployment services. With such a widespread need, IT professionals specializing in deployment find a demand for their skills across multiple industry sectors. Some of the sectors that Dell serves are education, energy, financial services, government (federal, state and local), healthcare, manufacturing, retail, telecommunications, media and entertainment, and web development.
Popular job boards such as TechCareers, SimplyHired and Glassdoor reveal numerous jobs available for Dell-certified deployment professionals. Most of the listed positions focus on engineering roles for server, virtualization, networking, systems, integration, data security and the like. Other available roles include consultants, account executives, system administrators, IT managers and deployment managers.
Dell recommends and offers core training courses for each of its Dell EMC credentials. Interested candidates who register on the DirectTech website can also access free exam study guides. In addition, Dell offers many free e-learning courses at the foundation level on various Dell products and technologies, including networking, storage, data protection, big data and converged infrastructure.
Core recommended training for each solution track includes a basic, intermediate and advanced course. Prices vary, but candidates can expect to pay $2,500 to $5,000. Most training is a combination of e-learning activities that you complete prior to attending instructor-led training.
Dell also provides training for other certifications and training opportunities for end users and IT professionals in various disciplines, including these:
Fundamental or introductory courses typically cost $100 to $200, while advanced training courses may cost thousands of dollars (we found one course with a price tag of $10,000). Dell also offers onsite training courses, with most prices running at least double that of public courses. The most expensive onsite course we found topped $42,000.
Check out everything Dell has to offer on its Education Services webpage.
Ed Tittel
Ed is a 30-year-plus veteran of the computing industry who has worked as a programmer, a technical manager, a classroom instructor, a network consultant, and a technical evangelist for companies that include Burroughs, Schlumberger, Novell, IBM/Tivoli and NetQoS. He has written for numerous publications, including Tom’s IT Pro, and is the author of more than 140 computing books on information security, web markup languages and development tools, and Windows operating systems.
Earl Follis
Earl is also a 30-year veteran of the computer industry who has worked in IT training, marketing, technical evangelism, and market analysis in the areas of networking and systems technology and management. Ed and Earl met in the late 1980s when Ed hired Earl as a trainer at an Austin-area networking company that’s now part of HP. The two of them have written numerous books together on NetWare, Windows Server and other topics. Earl is also a regular writer for the computer trade press, with many e-books, whitepapers and articles to his credit.
CRN is live at Dell EMC World 2017 in Las Vegas. Get all of our coverage of the event, as well content from the Dell EMC World 2017 special issue of CRN, here.
Dell EMC Bringing Mission-Critical Cloud Power Virtustream Into Channel Program Pat Gelsinger: VMware Opens Up Tech Partners To Expand Cloud Capabilities Virtustream Extends Mission-Critical Cloud Tech To Complex Health Care Applications Michael Dell To Partners: 'Enormous Cross-Selling Opportunities For You' Dell EMC's David Goulden: Modern, Automated Infrastructure Provides The First Step For Cloud Migration Dell EMC Rolls Out 'Flexible Consumption' Rebate For Partners Dell EMC Takes Aim At Cisco With New Open Networking Push |
Dell North America Sales Chief: 'Winning In Both Consumer And Commercial PCs' Is Key Dell EMC World: Michael Dell's 7 Keys To The Future Of Dell Technologies And The IT Industry Dell EMC World: Enterprise Sales Chief Scannell Says Partners Are Booting Competitors, Winning Big Deals Amid Huge Market Opportunity Michael Dell To Partners: 'Enormous Cross-Selling Opportunities For You' Partner Marketing Push: Dell EMC Arms Partners With New MDF Resources Dell EMC Gives Partners The Nod On Commercial PCs With Extension Of Partner-Led Strategy Dell EMC Launches All-Flash Storage Barrage 15 Hot Products Unleashed At Dell EMC World 2017 |
Dell EMC World: Transformation Titans Map Out Dell EMC's Path To Growth
With the right pieces now in place, Dell EMC's complete-portfolio call to action is being heard loud and clear across the partner ecosystem.
Marius Haas On Why There's 'Zero Debate' About The Value Of Dell EMC's End-To-End Portfolio
Marius Haas believes that when it comes to determining which vendor partner is going to provide you with long-term value creation opportunities, there's no debate that it's Dell EMC.
John Byrne On Partners Pivoting Away From Cisco, HPE, Lenovo, And Selling The Entire Dell EMC Portfolio
John Byrne says that Dell EMC partners are rapidly moving away from competing vendors and aggressively pushing new business opportunities across the entire combined portfolio.
Dell EMC's Cheryl Cook On The Combined Partner Marketing Perspective
Dell EMC's global channel marketing chief Cheryl Cook talks to CRN about the importance of communication when combining the marketing efforts of two massive partner programs.
Chad Sakac On Dell EMC's Push To Turn Hyper-Converged Infrastructure Into A Utility
Dell EMC is putting the 'pedal to the medal' when it comes to hyper-converged infrastructure and is tasking Chad Sakac and his team with making customer transformation as simple as possible for partners.
Jeremy Burton On How Partners Can Take Advantage Of A Combined Dell, EMC
Ahead of Dell EMC World 2017, Jeremy Burton dug into the blockbuster acquisition and how it primes partners to take advantage of the new combined company.
Dell EMC's David Goulden On What It Means To Be The Biggest Player In Storage
Ahead of Dell EMC World 2017, David Goulden talks to CRN about the new combined storage powerhouse and why you won't heard anyone referred to as 'ex-Dell' or 'ex-EMC.'
Power At Every Position: Dell Fills Exec Lineup With Seasoned Channel, Sales Veterans
The new Dell Technologies intends to lean heavily on EMC's channel experts. Here's a rundown of the executives leading Dell Technologies' sales and channel operations.
Dell Adds Systems Integrators To Its IoT Solutions Partner Program
Systems integrators have a 'unique vertical experience,' says a Dell IoT executive, and have expertise in manufacturing, utilities and industrial automation.
Dell EMC Launches First Midmarket-Focused VMAX Solution At Sub-$100K Price Point
The new 250F is 'VMAX for everyone,' says Dell EMC Vice President of Marketing Peter Smails, delivering enterprise capabilities to a new market of midsize customers.
Partners: Cisco And Dell EMC Will 'Inevitably' Hit VCE Architecture And Sales Crossroads
Although Cisco and Dell are playing nice around VCE for now, partners say architectural differences and sales incentives will inevitably lead to a break up.
6 Fun Facts About Dell Technologies You Might Not Know
Ahead of the first Dell EMC World, here are six fun facts about Dell Technologies, including its environmental efforts, sports sponsorships and its high profile in television and movies.
Browse through refurbished Dell laptops, tablets, and more for high-performing technology at a fraction of the original cost. There’s no need to wait for a sale when you can find a deal anytime by shopping Dell refurbished.
To redeem your discount, simply follow these steps:
For more information on saving and redeeming instructions, check out the Dell website or contact customer service via email or live chat.
It’s easy and free to join Dell Rewards! When you shop for laptops, like the latest Dell XPS 13, XPS 15, or Inspiron 15, you can earn 3% back in rewards with free expedited delivery!
Once you rack up those Dell premier Advantage rewards, you can select from a wide range of Dell monitors, PCs, accessories, and more. You’ll also get early access to sales, exclusive Dell coupon codes, and more just by signing up.
When shopping for new Dell computers, consider recycling old devices so they can breathe new life as something different. From unwanted computers to game consoles and ink cartridges, it’s free to recycle your unwanted tech with the Dell trade-in program: print a prepaid shipping label, box up your items, and drop them off at your local mailing center.
Now that you’ve picked the perfect laptop, desktop, or tablet, you’ll need accessories to elevate your experience. Shop for Dell diagnostics to help clean up your computer, a Dell laptop docking station for easy charging, or Dell Tech Direct for your business. Choose essential accessories to keep your system running smoothly for years to come. You may also request a Dell warranty check or a renewal to ensure that your products will last.
If you're shopping for Dell laptops or accessories and find a lower price advertised elsewhere, they will match it. Call their toll-free phone number, send them an email, or contact them through live chat, and they’ll walk you through the process.
During Black Friday sales, Dell discounts their top-rated products to help you save big on the latest tech. Score the lowest prices of the year on Dell laptops and much more with free shipping on every order and a quality experience from start to finish. From the classic Inspiron laptop to discounted McAfee Antivirus software, it’s easy to see why Dell Black Friday deals are a must!
Dell often runs special promotions and sitewide sales on its website. If you time it right, you’ll never have to pay the total price for a desktop PC or Dell laptop. The best place to start is on the Deals page, highlighting the best offers and discounts currently on the site.
From the Deals tab on the homepage menu, you can find discount offers by the department. Filter your search to specify the type of computer you want, such as an XPS 13 or XPS 15 laptop. You can also filter by “highest discount” to find the best deals Dell offers. Follow the other shopping tips below to score a good discount on a computer.
The tech giant constantly offers coupons and promo codes on its laptops and computers; we list them here for convenience. Once you’ve found a Dell coupon code on our site that you want to use, applying it to your purchase is easy.
Dell discount codes can get you $50, $100, and sometimes more off your purchase of a new computer. We’re sure you can find a code that brings you the best deal you are looking for.
Get notified of sale events and featured promotional codes by signing up for the Dell newsletter. You will be privy to Dell’s hottest deals for shopping holidays, such as Black Friday and Cyber Monday, and annual savings for the Back-to-School shopping season.
Signing up for Dell’s email is the easiest way to not miss out on its biggest promotions. Receiving email offers is also a great way to keep yourself informed about new products, including gaming laptops and computer accessories.
You’ll never have to pay for shipping when you buy anything at Dell. Free shipping with no minimum is standard whether you are purchasing an Inspiron 15 laptop or a simple low-priced accessory, such as a wireless mouse. In some regions, free two-day delivery is available. Plus, Dell will let you know the estimated delivery dates before you complete your purchase.
If you join the free Rewards program, you will qualify for free expedited shipping on eligible products. Members get 3% back in rewards they can use for future purchases. For example, if you spend $1,100 on a new laptop and monitor, you’ll receive $33 in rewards to apply to a later purchase.
Discount Type | Discount Codes & Deals | Discount Amount | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Online Coupon | $150 off with this Dell coupon | $150 Off | Expired |
Online Coupon | 10% off with this Dell student discount code | 10% Off | Expired |
Online Coupon | Dell coupon for $50 off orders over $699 | $50 Off | Ongoing |
Online Coupon | 10% off computers - Dell coupon code | 10% Off | Expired |
Online Coupon | 15% off monitors with this Dell coupon code | 15% Off | Expired |
Online Coupon | 20% off select laptops using this Dell promo code | 20% Off | Expired |
You can’t beat the quality of a Dell Outlet product! You’ll find some of the latest Dell products at a great low price with the same limited hardware warranty and service as if you bought it brand new. Refurbished systems help reduce the environmental impact of your technology purchase, so whether you’re shopping for a PC, server, or networking system, you can shop confidently knowing you’re making a difference.
Dell Outlet systems are also built and ready to go, so most products ship within 24 hours of order approval. As their inventory is updated in real-time and changes frequently, if you’re waiting for a good Dell Outlet sale, you should keep checking back so you don’t miss out! Sales like the Dell Outlet Black Friday event are must-sees if you're looking for the lowest prices on high-quality tech.
No matter if you’re shopping the Dell Outlet for home or business, there are a few different categories to choose from that depend on what you’re looking for. Their new and unused collection consists of factory-sealed products that were either canceled or were unopened returns; these products don’t have any cosmetic damage and are essentially new in the box.
You might also wish to browse the certified refurbished section for previously opened or used products that have gone through a rigorous process to achieve the highest quality and performance. Finally, there is the scratch and dent category, which are certified refurbished products with visible blemishes that do not affect performance. Whichever category you wish to shop in, our Dell Outlet vouchers are eligible for any purchase!
Committed to maximizing the reuse or recycling of all returned Dell products, they offer Dell Outlet refurbished systems as a way to turn something old into a brand new, ready-to-use computer. When you choose something such as the Dell Outlet latitude or Dell Outlet XPS 15, you’re choosing to keep old technology going by using pre-loved parts. Grab your next Outlet monitor or Dell 2-in-1 PC in their refurbished section and see just how much you can save!
Wanting you to love your new technology without worrying about the price, if you happen to find your item for less, they’ll match it! Just identify the lower-priced product you wish to price match from a qualifying competitor and share the active link with a Dell Outlet customer service representative to begin the process.
No matter if it’s a tablet, monitor, or even one of the Dell Outlet workstations, they’ll make sure you get it at the lowest possible price. Don’t forget to use your Dell Outlet student discount if you’re eligible for even more savings!
To keep you happy and your brand new purchase running smoothly, the Dell Outlet warranty is identical to the standard warranty that they offer on their new systems to better serve you.
They also offer free Dell Outlet shipping with no minimum purchase required; if you decide that something isn’t for you, the Dell Outlet return policy lets you ship it back within 30 days of your invoice date including free return shipping.
Discount Type | Discount Codes & Deals | Discount Amount | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Online Coupon | XPS coupon for 30% off at the Dell Outlet | 30% Off | Expired |
Online Coupon | Dell Outlet business coupon for 10% off | 10% Off | Expired |
Online Coupon | Use this Dell Outlet Alienware coupon for 20% off | 20% Off | Expired |
"Options Action" features option traders from some of the top firms on Wall Street. Each week, they gather for a fast-paced, half-hour show that focuses on how to increase profits and limit losses using common option techniques. Fresh from the trading desk, the "Options Action" panel will demystify the daunting terminology often used when talking about options, and simplify this fast-growing and crucial corner of the market.
No matter the size of your organization, it is crucial to maintain an IT infrastructure that is capable of supporting growth and adapting to the changing needs of your business. The Dell EMC PowerEdge R650xs is a feature-rich 1U rack server that is designed for companies looking to innovate at scale with demanding and emerging workloads.
Equipped with the third-gen Intel Xeon Scalable processors, this server promises to be an ideal choice for workloads that require high performance, virtualization, and a scale-out database. Let’s talk about how the Dell PowerEdge R650xs will help you innovate and adapt with confidence, thus facilitating growth.
The Dell EMC PowerEdge R650xs is a powerful 1U server designed for scale-out environments where resources such as processing power and storage capacity can be added to the system as needed. It has dual-socket capabilities, allowing for the addition of up to two 3rd generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors with up to 32 cores per socket. With support for up to 16x DDR4 RDIMMS at 3200 MT/s, the added processing power and cores can help to accelerate in-memory workloads or operations that are performed entirely in the main memory.
Additionally, the PowerEdge R650xs includes several features that can Strengthen throughput and reduce latency, such as up to 5 PCIe Gen4 slots, OCP 3.0 support for cost-effective and energy-efficient network cards, and Dell’s SNAP I/O support for efficient use of shared storage resources.
It is designed for virtualization, medium VM density or VDI, and software-defined storage node (SDS) workloads such as data protection, data migration, or data optimization.
In terms of storage, the PowerEdge R650xs offers a variety of options to fit different needs. It can support up to 12x 3.5” SAS/SATA HDDs or SSDs, up to 16x 2.5” SAS/SATA HDDs or SSDs, and 8 NVMe drives. This provides a lot of flexibility for organisations that may need to scale storage up or down quickly. This also helps with better data protection, disaster recovery and data management.
The Dell EMC OpenManage systems management portfolio has all the tools needed to efficiently manage the PowerEdge R650xs. Modern management tools provide better workload tracking and performance analysis, making complex IT enterprise management simple and intuitive. There are tools and automation that help you scale, manage, and protect your technology environment, freeing up resources that can be used for business growth.
Built-in telemetry streaming, thermal management, and RESTful API with Redfish let you monitor and manage the server remotely in an efficient manner. Intelligent automation allows for the integration of human actions and system capabilities to enhance productivity.
Full-stack management integration with Microsoft, VMware, ServiceNow, Ansible, and many other tools offers a number of advantages and makes it easier for different teams to collaborate and work together. It can increase efficiency by automating tasks and streamlining processes and provides a unified view of your entire IT infrastructure, making it easier to identify and troubleshoot issues.
Dell EMC and Intel solutions provide a comprehensive approach to ensuring the security and resilience of the PowerEdge R650xs. From the silicon and supply chain to asset retirement, these technologies help avoid vulnerabilities to ensure that your servers are safe and secure against emerging threats. With enterprise-class security, organizations of all sizes can minimize risk and have confidence in their cyber resilience.
Dell offers continuous innovations that bolster cyber resilience, such as OpenManage Secure Enterprise Key Manager and Automatic Certificate Enrollment. Additionally, intelligence, automation, and recovery tools like iDRAC9 Telemetry, BIOS live scanning, and Rapid OS recovery, allow organizations to stay ahead of potential threats.
Dell also verifies the authenticity and integrity of the firmware and hardware components in the supply chain using platform security features such as Secured Component Verification and Silicon Root of Trust (RoT). This helps ensure that the server is protected against cyber attacks and runs only authorized and trusted code.
Dell PowerEdge R650xs is a powerful and versatile option for enterprises that can help accelerate transformation. This dual-socket 1U server is designed for scale-out environments, it easily adapts to changing resource needs, and benefits from Dell’s robust and comprehensive management portfolio, as well as enterprise-class security solutions. This combination of advanced technology and solutions allows for easy scalability and efficient management and security, making it a great option for organizations looking to innovate, adapt, and grow.
To know more about the Dell PowerEdge R650xs rack server, check here.
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More job cuts are hitting the tech world. This time it’s Dell that is slashing employees.
>> Read more trending news
The computer maker announced Monday that it is letting go of about 6,600 employees, The Associated Press reported.
That adds to the nearly 50,000 layoffs that hit the tech sector last month, according to the AP.
The 6,600 jobs account for about 5% of the company’s workforce, Reuters reported.
The cuts come after Dell had already instituted a hiring freeze and travel holds after computer sales lagged after the COVID-19 pandemic.
PC sales are half of Dell’s income, Reuters reported.
Company officials called it “an uncertain future.”
Dell is not alone in announcing job cuts.
HP announced it expects to also cut about 6,000 jobs, according to Reuters. HP expanded during the pandemic and when people were forced to work remotely but since most companies have returned to the in-person model, sales have declined.
Manufacturers of computers aren’t the only companies that have been forced to cut the bottom line.
According to the AP, several tech sector companies have been laying off employees since the beginning of the year, including:
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