Details

Price:  Full Course $815 List/Non-member; $650 Member
               Individual Modules $120 List/Non-members; $95 Member
CEU: 0.5
Length: 7 Modules   Access available for one year
Certification of Completion: A Certificate of Completion indicating the total number of CEUs earned will be provided upon successful completion of the course.

Description:

This is a self-paced, online course consisting of 7 modules which take a detailed look at an introduction to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. Participants will learn how remote sensing and actuation are combined with modern communication techniques to effectively monitor and control very large industrial processes, like oil fields, pipelines, and electrical power systems.  This course will cover most major SCADA applications, SCADA system components and architecture.

You will be able to:

• Determine how SCADA developed from its source technologies and recognize the factors that make SCADA different from other process control systems
• Evaluate the principles of SCADA and explain how the basic building blocks are integrated to form a working system
• Visualize and evaluate the applications of SCADA
• Explain where SCADA may benefit the project and where not to apply SCADA
• Apply information and procedures for:
  • Design and Specification of a SCADA system
  • SCADA system integration
  • SCADA system testing and commissioning
  • SCADA system migrations

Modules Descriptions:

•         Module 1: Introduction to SCADA (20 min)

This module introduces the basic concepts of SCADA and SCADA architecture. courses include process commands, data gathering requirements, control and monitoring technologies, and some widely used applications for SCADA.

•            Module 2: SCADA Communications (25 min)

This module covers SCADA Communications including communication concepts and media, communication system standards and protocols, and network infrastructure.

•            Module 3: Remote Terminal Units (RTU) (25 min)

This module builds on the foundations of concepts and communications and expands into the primary elements of SCADA systems. Characteristics of RTUs, communication modes, and RTU configuration are discussed.

•            Module 4: Field Devices (30 min)

In this module you will learn about some of the Field Devices that RTUs communicate with in SCADA systems including Sensors and Actuators as well as other considerations.

•            Module 5: Master Terminal Unit (45 min)

In this module you will learn about the Master Terminal Unit (MTU) and review concepts, communication, functions, scan periods, configuration and applications. By the conclusion of this module, you should have a solid understanding of MTU application including functions, hardware, configuration, and RTU and data scanning periods.

•            Module 6: courses of SCADA Project Execution (20 min)

In this module you will learn about major courses for executing a SCADA project including conceptual design, system design, functional description, test plans, detail design, software development. A review of a few samples of phased project life cycles is also included.

•            Module 7: trial SCADA Projects (20 min)

The last module is designed to provide you with experience in making decisions about SCADA system integrations using trial projects. You will apply what you have learned in some scenarios, label some diagrams, and take the course completion quiz

Purchase Options:

Full Course

Module 1: Introduction to SCADA

Module 2: SCADA Communications

Module 3: Remote Terminal Units (RTU)

Module 4: Field Devices

Module 5: Master Terminal Unit

Module 6: courses of SCADA Project Execution

Module 7: trial SCADA Projects

If you wish to register offline, obtain the Training Registration Form, complete, and return to ISA with your payment.

Not sure this particular course is for you?
A pre-instructional survey is available for you to evaluate your level of understanding of the course material and to show you the types of questions you'll be able to answer after completing the course.

Description

This course is divided into two parts in which students focus on core skills to help them thrive in electrical and computer engineering. The first half of the course focuses on application programming in Matlab where students learn basics of Programming, Digital Signal Processing, and Data Analysis. In the second part of the course students program a micro-controller and learn about the function of basic electronic components. Students learn to use basic test equipment such as an Oscilloscope, Function Generator, Volt Meter. This course is project and lab based.

Description

Curricula Practical Training. "Variable credit course, student chooses appropriate amount of credits when registering."

Description

This course covers ideal elements, active and passive. It introduces and applies Ohm's Law and Kirchoff's Laws. Introduces concepts of network topology, independent and dependent variables, mesh and nodal analysis, the definition and consequences of linearity, source transformation, the superposition principle, Thevenin's and Norton's theorems, and maximum power transfer. Also covers ideal inductance and capacitance in simple circuits with the study of transient response and behavior under DC conditions.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: MATH.1320 Calculus II, and Co-req: EECE.2070 Basic Electrical Engineering Lab I, and a 'C' or higher in MATH.1320.

Description

This course covers AC circuits under sinusoidal steady-state conditions using the concept of the frequency domain. Introduces the use of complex numbers, phasors, impedance and admittance for the application of circuit laws introduced in Circuit Theory I: Thevenin and Norton's theorems, source transformation, superposition, maximum power transfer, nodal and mesh analysis. Covers power in the frequency domain, including RMS values, average power, reactive power, and apparent power. Introduction to magnetic coupling, mutual inductance, and the ideal transformer. Introduction to transfer functions, poles and zeroes in the s-plane.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: C- or better in EECE 2010 Circuit Theory I, or Spring 2020 grade of "P" and Co-Req: EECE 2080 Basic EE Lab II.

Description

Experimental work designed to verify theory and to acquaint students with electrical measurement techniques: experiments on meters, bridges, and oscilloscopes. Experiments are correlated with Circuit Theory I and concern: resistive measurements, Kirchhoff's laws, network theorems, conservation of power and maximum power transfer, inductance and capacitance, and first and second-order transients, operational amplifiers. MATLAB will be utilized throughout the course.

Prerequisites

Co-Req: EECE.2010 Circuit Theory I.

Description

Presents experimental work designed to emphasize electrical measurement techniques of linear systems with time-varying signals. Waveform measurements with DC and AC meters as well as advanced use of the oscilloscope are also discussed. Experiments are integrated with Circuit Theory II. Experiments cover: Kirchhoff's laws for phasors, magnitude and phase measurements of impedance, network theorems, frequency response, resonance, inductance, maximum power transfer, and MATLAB techniques.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE 2070 Basic EE Lab I; Co-Req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory II.

Description

This course serves as an introduction to direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) analysis of electric circuits, with emphasis on energy and power. Covers the explanation of basic components (resistor, capacitor and inductor) and their use in electronics. Cover also the design and use of multi-range voltmeters, ammeters, and ohmmeters, series, parallel and series parallel circuits, the use of bridges, phasor analysis of AC circuits, transformers, relays, solenoids, etc. Different techniques like Superposition theorem, Thevenin equivalent circuit or Maximum Power will be presented. Students will also be introduced to DC and AC motors and generators, first and second order filters as well as basic sensors. Not for ECE students.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: MATH 1320 Calculus II.

Description

This course serves to instruct sound recording technology through the concepts of voltage, current, power, resistance and Ohm's law; series, parallel and resonant circuits, Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws; the Wheatstone bridge, Thevenin equivalent circuits and maximum power transfer theorem; magnetism, electromagnetism, electromagnetic devices, and transformers; a.c. current, RF signals, capacitors, and inductors; RC, RL, and RLC circuits; d.c. power sources; diodes, transistors, tubes (thermionic emission), and amplifiers. Use of voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters, and oscilloscopes are discussed and used in lab throughout the course. Not for ECE students.

Prerequisites

Sound Recording Technology majors; Pre-Req: MATH 1320 Calculus II.

Description

Introduces C programming for engineers. Covers fundamentals of procedural programming with applications in electrical and Computer engineering and embedded systems. courses include variables, expressions and statements, console input/output, modularization and functions, arrays, pointers and strings algorithms, structures, and file input/output. Introduces working with C at the bit manipulation level. Laboratories include designing and programming engineering applications.

Description

Intended primarily for students majoring in the liberal arts. The course develops the theory of electricity from an historical perspective. Sufficient background in circuit theory, resonance, field theory and radio waves is given to provide an understanding of the principles of radio from its antecedents in the nineteenth century through the invention of the transistor in the mid twentieth century. The fundamental contributions of, for example Volta, Oersted, Morse, Maxwell, Faraday, Hertz, Lodge, and Marconi are considered. In the present century the technical advances of such figures as de Forest, Fleming, Fessenden, Armstrong and Shockley are studied. The growth, regulation and culture of American broadcasting are also central to the course. Laboratory work is required and students may use this course toward fulfilling the General Education (science/experimental component) requirement of the University. Not open to students in the College of Engineering.

Description

This course is designed to convey the essentials of data communication and networking. This includes an understanding of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), TCP/IP and Internet models. It covers various protocols and architectures of interconnection technologies. Several concepts will be discussed that will enable students to apply the basic concepts of data communication and networking technology in many practical situations.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.1070 Introduction to Electrical and Computer Engineering, and MATH.1310 Calculus I, and PHYS.1410 Physics I.

Description

Number systems and binary codes. Boolean algebra. Canonical and fundamental forms of Boolean functions. Function expansion and its applications to digital circuit design. Minimization of Boolean functions by Boolean algebra and Karnaugh maps. Two-level and multi-level digital circuits. Decoder, encoders, multiplexers, and de-multiplexers. Latches and flip-flops. Registers and counters. Analysis and synthesis of synchronous sequential circuits. Design of more complex circuits: data-path and control circuits. Use of software tools to implement a design on modern hardware.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: MECH.1070 intro to Mechanical Eng, or COMP.1020 Computing II, or EECE.1070 Intro to Elec. & Comp. Engin, or EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming.

Description

Laboratory experiments coordinated with the subject matter of Electronics I. This lab explores the characteristics and use of electronic instrumentation for making measurements on electronic circuits. Labs will utilize the methods of designing and characterizing diode and transistor circuits. They will analyze the performance characteristics of digital and linear semiconductor circuits, including logic elements and amplifiers. The design and construction of circuits using monolithic op amps will also be explored.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.2080 Basic EE Lab II, and Co-req: EECE.3650 Electronics I.

Description

This course covers laboratory experiments coordinated with the subject matter of Electronics II, Study of high-frequency characteristics of transistors and transistor amplifiers. Covers feedback in electronic circuits, electronic oscillators and differential amplifier. Covers also the properties of linear IC operational amplifiers and their application in amplifier circuits and waveform generation circuits. Design and analysis of linear circuits.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3110 Electronics I Lab, and Co-req: EECE.3660 Electronics II.

Description

Introduction to microprocessors, Uses assembly language to develop a foundation on the hardware which executes a program. Memory and I/O interface design and programming. Design and operation of computer systems. Study of microprocessor and its basic support components, including detailed schematics, timing and functional analysis of their interactions. Laboratories directly related to microprocessor functions and its interfaces (e.g. memory subsystem, I/O devices and coprocessors).

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming, and EECE 2650 Logic Design.

Description

Covers algorithms and their performance analysis, data structures, abstraction, and encapsulation. Introduces stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, heaps, priority queues, and hash tables, and their physical representation. Discusses efficient sorting (quicksort and heapsort) and experimental algorithm analysis. Examines several design issues, including selection of data structures based on operations to be optimized, algorithm encapsulation using classes and templates, and how and when to use recursion. Assignments include programming of data structures in an object-oriented language.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming

Description

Alternating current circuits, three phase circuits, basics of electromagnetic field theory, magnetic circuits, inductance, electromechanical energy conversion. Ideal transformer, iron-core transformer, voltage regulation, efficiency equivalent circuits, and three phase transformers. Induction machine construction, equivalent circuit, torque speed characteristics, and single phase motors. Synchronous machine construction, equivalent circuits, power relationships phasor diagrams, and synchronous motors. Direct current machines construction, types, efficiency, power flow diagram, and external characteristics.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.

Description

Electromagnetics I is the study of fundamental electrostatic and magnetostatic equations building up to the foundation of electrodynamics, Maxwell's Equations. This course is put into an engineering perspective by describing transmission line properties using circuit models and deriving these model parameters directly from Maxwell's Equations. To accomplish these tasks, Engineering Electromagnetics I implements: Transmission lines as Distributed Circuits, Smith Charts, impedance Matching, Electrostatics and Capacitance, steady current flow and Resistance, and Magnetostatics and Inductance.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory II and PHYS 1440 Physics II.

Description

This course covers various continuous voltage/current time functions and their applications to linear time-invariant (LTI) electrical systems. It reviews pertinent courses from previous courses on circuit theory, such as system functions, S-plane concepts and complete responses. It introduces step and impulse functions and their responses in LTI circuits. It covers the solving of convolution integrals and differential equations, the transformation of signals to Fourier series, the Fourier and Laplace transforms, with their application, in continuous and discrete time, and Parseval's theorem. It also describes analog filter responses and design. A computing project is proposed in this course.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory II and MATH 2360 Eng Differential Equations or MATH.2340 Differential Equations.

Description

Introduction to probability, random processes and basic statistical methods to address the random nature of signals and systems that engineers analyze, characterize and apply in their designs. It includes discrete and continuous random variables, their probability distributions and analytical and statistical methods for determining the mean, variance and higher order moments that characterize the random variable. Descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as time-varying random processes and their spectral analysis are introduced. The course provides the skills required to address modeling uncertainty in manufacturing and reliability analysis, noise characterization, and data analysis.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.

Description

Complex number, Argand plane, derivatives of complex numbers, limits and continuity, derivative and Cauchy Riemann conditions, analytic functions, integration in the complex plane, Cauchy's integral formula, infinite series for complex variables. Taylor series, Laurent series, residue theory, evaluation of integrals around indented contours. Linear vector spaces, matrices and determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: MATH 2360 Eng Differential Equations or MATH.2340 Differential Equations.

Description

A brief introduction to solid-state physics, leading to discussion of physical characteristics of p-n junction diodes, bipolar junction transistors, and field-effect transistors: active, saturated, and cutoff models of bipolar transistors and triode, constant current, and cutoff models of MOSFETs. Circuit models for diodes, and diode applications. Circuit models for transistors, and transistor applications in bipolar and MOS digital circuits and low-frequency amplifier circuits. Analysis of digital circuits and linear circuits based on application of circuit models of devices and circuit theory.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory ll, and PHYS 1440 Physics ll, and Co-req: EECE 3110 Electronics l Lab.

Description

A continuation of 16.365 with discussion of differential amplifiers, operation amplifiers and op amp applications, transistor amplifiers at very high frequencies; direct-coupled and band pass amplifiers; small and large signal amplifiers; feedback amplifiers and oscillators. Active filters, wave form generation circuits including Schmitt trigger, multiplexers, and A/D and D/A converters. Circuit design employing integrated circuit operational amplifiers and discrete devices. Circuit analysis using SPICE. An electronic design project constitutes a major part of the course.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: C- or better in EECE 3650 Electronics I,or Spring 2020 grade of "P", Co-Req: EECE 3120 Electronics Lab II.

Description

This course is the first in a two semester capstone sequence. In a group, students will work with a client to define their project, by identifying the problem, objective and requirements, and engage in design, analysis, test and fabrication tasks as appropriate to meet the project goals. Project management tools are discussed and applied in this process.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3110 Electronics I Lab, and EECE 3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I, and EECE 3650 Electronics I.

Description

An introductory course in the analysis and design of passive microwave circuits beginning with a review of time-varying electromagnetic field concepts and transmission lines. Smith Chart problems; single and double stub matching; impedance transformer design; maximally flat and Chebyshev transformers; microstrip transmission lines, slot lines, coplanar lines; rectangular and circular waveguides; waveguide windows and their use in impedance matching; design of directional couplers; features of weak and strong couplings; microwave filter design; characteristics of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop filter designs; two-port network representation of junctions; Z and Y parameters, ABCD parameters, scattering matrix; microwave measurements; measurement of VSWR, complex impedance, dielectric constant, attenuation, and power. A design project constitutes a major part of the course.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.4610 Emag Theory II.

Description

Fabrication of resistors, capacitors, p-n junction and Schottky barrier diodes, BJT's and MOS devices and integrated circuits. courses include: silicon structure, wafer preparation, sequential techniques in microelectronic processing, testing and packaging, yield and clean room environments. MOS structures, crystal defects, Fick's laws of diffusion; oxidation of silicon, photolithography including photoresist, development and stripping. Metallization for conductors, Ion implantation for depletion mode and CMOS transistors for better yield speed, low power dissipation and reliability. Students will fabricate circuits using the DSIPL Laboratory.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.3650 Electronics I.

Description

An introduction to properties of individual antennas and arrays of antennas. Retarded potentials, dipoles of arbitrary length, radiation pattern, gain, directivity, radiation resistance. The loop antenna. Effects of the earth. Reciprocity, receiving antennas, effective length and area. Moment methods. Arrays: collinear, broadside, endfire. Array synthesis. Mutual coupling. Log-periodic and Yagi arrays. Radiation from apertures: the waveguide horn antenna, parabolic dish. Antenna noise temperature. Numerical software packages. A design project is required in the course.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.4610 Emag Theory II.

Description

Provides an opportunity for qualified Electrical Engineering students to investigate specific areas of interest. The actual project undertaken may be software or hardware oriented. The most important characteristics of the projects are that the end results represent independent study, that they are research and development oriented, and that they are accomplished in an engineering environment. Design reviews and progress reports are expected for each project. A final formal report to be permanently filed in the EE Department is required for each project. Engineering Design (100%).

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics,EECE 3600 Emag Theory I, EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I, EECE 3650 Electronics I,and EECE 3660 Electronics II.

Description

The purpose of this course is to provide an opportunity for qualified Electrical Engineering students to investigate specific areas of interest. The actual project undertaken may be software or hardware oriented. The most important characteristics of the projects are that the end results represent independent study and that they are research and development oriented, and that they are accomplished in an engineering environment. Design reviews and progress reports are expected for each project. A final formal report to be permanently filed in the EE Department is required for each project.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics,EECE 3600 Emag Theory I,EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I,EECE 3650 Electronics I, and EECE 3660 Electronics II.

Description

The purpose of this course is to provide an opportunity for qualified Electrical Engineering students to investigate specific areas of interest. The actual project undertaken may be software or hardware oriented. The most important characteristics of the projects are that the end results represent independent study and that they are research and development oriented, and that they are accomplished in an engineering environment. Design reviews and progress reports are expected for each project. A final formal report to be permanently filed in the EE Department is required for each project.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics,EECE 3600 Emag Theory I, EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I, EECE 3650 Electronics I,and EECE 3660 Electronics II.

Description

Concepts of feedback; open loop and closed loop systems. Feedback in electrical and mechanical systems. Mathematical models of systems and linear approximations. Transfer functions of linear systems, block diagrams and signal flow graphs. Sensitivity, control of transient response, disturbance signals. Time domain performance: steady state errors, performance indices. Stability related to s-plane location of the roots of the characteristic equation. Routh-Hurwitz criterion. Graphical analysis techniques: root locus, frequency response as polar plot and Bode diagrams. Closed loop frequency response. A control system design project is included in the course.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I and EECE 3640 Engineering Math.

Description

Power System Operations and Electricity Markets provide a comprehensive overview to understand and meet the challenges of the new competitive highly deregulated power industry. The course presents new methods for power systems operations in a unified integrated framework combining the business and technical aspects of the restructured power industry. An outlook on power policy models, regulation, reliability, and economics is attentively reviewed. The course lay the groundwork for the coming era of unbundling, open access,, power marketing, self-generation, and regional transmission operations.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.

Description

A one-semester course with emphasis on the engineering design and performance analysis of power electronics converters. courses include: power electronics devices (power MOSFETs, power transistors, diodes, silicon controlled rectifiers SCRs, TRIACs, DIACs and Power Darlington Transistors), rectifiers, inverters, ac voltage controllers, dc choppers, cycloconverters, and power supplies. The course includes a project, which requires that the student design and build one of the power electronics converters. A demonstrative laboratory to expose the students to all kinds of projects is part of the course.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics and EECE 3660 Electronics II, or Permission of Instructor.

Description

Cellular systems and design principles, co-channel and adjacent channel interference, mobile radio propagation and determination of large scale path loss, propagation mechanisms like reflection, diffraction and scattering, outdoor propagation models, Okumura and Hata models, small scale fading and multipath, Doppler shift and effects, statistical models for multipath, digital modulation techniques QPSK, DPSK, GMSK, multiple access techniques, TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, spread spectrum techniques, frequency hopped systems, wireless systems and worldwide standards.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3630 Introduction to Probability and Random Process.

Description

This course provides an introduction to real-time digital signal processing techniques using floating point and fixed point processors. The architecture, instruction set and software development tools for these processors will be studied via a series of C and assembly language computer projects where real-time adaptive filters, modems, digital control systems and speech recognition systems are implemented.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3620 Signals and Systems I.

Description

The course covers fundamental solid-state and semiconductor physics relevant for understanding electronic devices. courses include quantum mechanics of electrons in solids, crystalline structures, ban theory of semiconductors, electron statistics and dynamics in energy bands, lattice dynamics and phonons, carrier transport, and optical processes in semiconductors.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3650 Electronics I, and EECE.3640 Engineering Mathematics, and EECE.3600 Engineering Electromagnetics I, or permission of instructor.

Description

The course explores some of the mathematical and simulation tools used for the design, analysis and operation of electric power systems. Computational methods based on linear and nonlinear optimization algorithms are used to solve load flow problems, to analyze and characterize system faults and contingencies, and to complete economic dispatch of electric power systems. Real case studies and theoretical projects are assigned to implement the techniques learned and to propose recommendations. Different software applications will be used concurrently including ATP, PowerWorld Simulator, Aspen, MatLab with Simulink and Power System Toolbox, PSCAD, etc.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.

Description

An intermediate course in analysis and operation of electrical power distribution systems using applied calculus and matrix algebra. courses include electrical loads characteristics, modeling , metering, customer billing, voltage regulation, voltage levels, and power factor correction. The design and operation of the power distribution system components will be introduced: distribution transformers, distribution substation, distribution networks, and distribution equipment.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II, and EECE.2080 Basic EE Lab II.

Description

Stability definition and cases in power systems. System model for machine angle stability. Small signal and transient stability. Voltage stability phenomenon, its characterization. Small and large signal models for voltage stability analysis. Frequency stability and control. Compensation methods for system voltage regulation including classical and modem methods. Stability of multi-machine system.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.

Description

This course builds on the previous experience with Cadence design tools and covers advanced VLSI design techniques for low power circuits. courses covered include aspects of the design of low voltage and low power circuits including process technology, device modeling, CMOS circuit design, memory circuits and subsystem design. This will be a research-oriented course based on team projects.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.4690 VLSI Design, or EECE.5690 VLSI Design, or Permission of Instructor.

Description

PV conversion, cell efficiency, cell response, systems and applications. Wind Energy conversion systems: Wind and its characteristics; aerodynamic theory of windmills; wind turbines and generators; wind farms; siting of windmills. Other alternative energy sources: Tidal energy, wave energy, ocean thermal energy conversion, geothermal energy, solar thermal power, satellite power, biofuels. Energy storage: Batteries, fuel cells, hydro pump storage, flywheels, compressed air.

Description

Electric vehicle VS internal combustion engine vehicle. Electric vehicle (EV) saves the environment. EV design, EV motors, EV batteries, EV battery chargers and charging algorithms, EV instrumentation and EV wiring diagram. Hybrid electric vehicles. Fuel cells. Fuel cell electric vehicles. The course includes independent work.

Description

This course provides both traditional and state-of-the-art tomographic reconstruction algorithms in a unified way. It includes analytic reconstruction, iterative reconstruction, and deep reconstruction based on the state-of-the-art deep learning techniques. This course provides fundamental knowledge for careers in medical image reconstruction.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3620 Signals and Systems I.

Description

Two-port network parameters, Smith chart applications for impedance matching, transmission line structures like stripline, microstrip line and coaxial line, filter designs for low-pass, high-pass and band-pass characteristics, amplifier design based on s-parameters, bias network designs, one port and two port oscillator circuits, noise in RF systems.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.3600 Emag Theory I.

Description

The production and processing of materials into finished products constitute a large part of the present economy. To prepare students for the use of a variety of traditional and new materials, this course will cover: atomic structure and chemical bonding, crystal geometry and defects, mechanical properties and phase diagrams of metals and alloys, electrical and optical properties of semiconductors, ceramics, and polymers; brief description of electronic, quantum electronic and photonic devices; benefits and difficulties of materials design with decreasing dimensions from millimeters to micrometers and to nanometers.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: MATH.1320 Calculus II and PHYS.1440 Physics II.

Description

This course introduces the theory and design of biosensors and their applications for pathology, pharmacogenetics, public health, food safety civil defense, and environmental monitoring. Optical, electrochemical and mechanical sensing techniques will be discussed.

Description

A survey of analog devices and techniques, concentrating on operational amplifier design and applications. Operational amplifier design is studied to reveal the limitations of real opamps, and to develop a basis for interpreting their specifications. Representative applications are covered, including: simple amplifiers, differential and instrumentation amplifiers, summers, integrators, active filters, nonlinear circuits, and waveform generation circuits. A design project is required.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.3660 Electronics II.

Description

Design of logic machines. Finite state machines, gate array designs, ALU and 4 bit CPU unit designs, micro-programmed systems. Hardware design of advanced digital circuits using XILINX. Application of probability and statistics for hardware performance, and upgrading hardware systems. Laboratories incorporate specification, top-down design, modeling, implementation and testing of actual advanced digital design systems hardware. Laboratories also include simulation of circuits using VHDL before actual hardware implementation and PLDs programming.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.2650 Logic Design, and EECE.3650 Electronics I, and EECE.3110 Electronics I Lab, and EECE.3170 Microprocessor Systems Design I, or permission of Instructor.

Description

This course introduces heterogeneous computing architecture and the design and optimization of applications that best utilize the resources on such platforms. The course courses include heterogeneous computer architecture, offloading architecture/API, platform, memory and execution models, GPU/FPGA acceleration, OpenCL programming framework, Data Parallel C++ programming framework, performance analysis and optimization. Labs are included to practice design methodology and development tools.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3170 Microprocessors Systems Design I, or EECE.4821 Computer Architecture and Design, or Permission of Instructor.

Description

CPU architecture, memory interfaces and management, coprocessor interfaces, bus concepts, bus arbitration techniques, serial I/O devices, DMA, interrupt control devices. Including Design, construction, and testing of dedicated microprocessor systems (static and real-time). Hardware limitations of the single-chip system. Includes micro-controllers, programming for small systems, interfacing, communications, validating hardware and software, microprogramming of controller chips, design methods and testing of embedded systems.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3110 Electronics I Lab, and EECE 3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I, and EECE 3650 Electronics I.

Description

Introduces software life cycle models, and engineering methods for software design and development. Design and implementation, testing, and maintenance of large software packages in a dynamic environment, and systematic approach to software design with emphasis on portability and ease of modification. Laboratories include a project where some of the software engineering methods (from modeling to testing) are applied in an engineering example.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE 2160 ECE Application Programming and EECE 3220 Data Structures. or Permission of Instructor.

Description

An introduction to computer system security. This course introduces the threats and vulnerabilities in computer systems. This course covers the elementary cryptography, program security, security in operating system, database security, network, web, and e-commerce. It also covers some aspects of hardware security, legal, ethical and privacy issues in computer system security.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3220 Data Structures.

Description

The material in this course is a combination of essential topics, techniques, algorithms, and tools that will be used in future robotics courses. Fundamental courses relevant to robots (linear algebra, numerical methods, programming) will be reinforced throughout the course using introductions to other robotics courses that are each worthy of a full semester of study (dynamics, kinematics, controls, planning, sensing). Students will program real robots to further refine their skills and experience the material fully.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: COMP.1010 Computing 1 or EECE.2160 ECE Computing Application.

Description

Explores the foundations and technologies involved in Internet of Things (IoT) from an industry perspective. courses include Machine to Machine (M2M) communication and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and their relationship with IoT as well as their evolution. This involves all three main elements: (1) devices, (2) communications/networks and (3) analytics/applications. Specifically, it introduces technologies and interfaces associated with sensing and actuation of embedded devices and presents the fundamentals of IoT analytics including machine learning and rule-based AI. The bulk of the content presented in the course is focused on the industry-led standardization of IoT communication and networking mechanisms.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3170 Microprocessors Systems Design I, or Permission of Instructor.

Description

This course introduces the use of nanomaterials for electronic devices such as sensors and transistors. Synthesis methods for nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, and 2-D materials such as graphene will be covered. The challenges in incorporating nanomaterials into devices will also be discussed. These methods will be compared to techniques used in the semiconductor industry and what challenges, technically and financially, exist for their widespread adoption will be addressed. Finally, examples of devices that use nanomaterials will be reviewed. The course will have some hands on demonstrations.

Description

A survey of biomedical instrumentation that leads to the analysis of various medical system designs and the related factors involved in medical device innovation. In addition to the technical aspects of system integration of biosensors and physiological transducers there will be coverage of a biodesign innovation process that can translate clinical needs into designs. A significant course component will be project-based prototyping of mobile heath applications. The overall goals of the course are to provide the theoretical background as well as specific requirements for medical device development along with some practical project experience that would thereby enable students to design electrical and computer based medical systems.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: ECE senior/grad or BMEBT student

Description

Continuation of Magnetostatics, Maxwell's Equations for Time-varying Fields, plane waves: time-harmonic fields, polarization, current flow in good conductors and skin effect, power density and Poynting vector, wave reflection and transmission; Snell's Law, fiber optics, Brewster angle, radiation and simple antennas, electromagnetic concepts involved in a topical technology in development.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.3600 Emag Theory I.

Description

Topics of current interest in Electrical and Computer Engineering. Subject matter to be announced in advance.

Description

An introduction to physical optics, electro-optics and integrated optics. courses include: Waves and polarization, optical resonators, optical waveguides, coupling between waveguides, electro-optical properties of crystals, electro-optic modulators, Micro-Optical-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) Devices and photonic and microwave wireless systems.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.3600 Emag Theory I.

Description

Introduction to CMOS circuits including transmission gate, inverter, NAND, NOR gates, MUXEs, latches and registers. MOS transistor theory including threshold voltage and design equations. CMOS inverter's DC and AC characteristics along with noise margins. Circuit characterization and performance estimation including resistance, capacitance, routing capacitance, multiple conductor capacitance, distributed RC capacitance, multiple conductor capacitance, distributed RC capacitance, switching characteristics incorporating analytic delay models, transistor sizing and power dissipation. CMOS circuit and logic design including fan-in, fan-out, gate delays, logic gate layout incorporating standard cell design, gate array layout, and single as well as two-phase clocking. CMOS test methodologies including stuck-at-0, stuck-at-1, fault models, fault coverage, ATPG, fault grading and simulation including scan-based and self test techniques with signature analysis. A project of modest complexity would be designed to be fabricated at MOSIS.

Description

Designing embedded real-time computer systems. Types of real-time systems, including foreground/background, non-preemptive multitasking, and priority-based pre-emptive multitasking systems. Soft vs. hard real time systems. Task scheduling algorithms and deterministic behavior. Ask synchronization: semaphores, mailboxes and message queues. Robust memory management schemes. Application and design of a real-time kernel. A project is required.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming,EECE.3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I, EECE.3220 Data Structures.

Description

This course introduces the operating principles of Solid State Devices. Basic semiconductor science is covered including crystalline properties, quantum mechanics principles, energy bands and the behavior of atoms and electrons in solids. The transport of electrons and holes (drift and diffusion) and the concepts of carrier lifetime and mobility are covered. The course describes the physics of operation of several semiconductor devices including p-n junction diodes (forward/reverse bias, avalanche breakdown), MOSFETs (including the calculation of MOSFET threshold voltages), Bipolar transistor operation, and optoelectronic devices (LEDs, lasers, photodiodes).

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.3650 Electronics I.

Description

Covers the components, design, implementation, and internal operations of computer operating systems. courses include basic structure of operating systems, Kernel, user interface, I/O device management, device drivers, process environment, concurrent processes and synchronization, inter-process communication, process scheduling, memory management, deadlock management and resolution, and file system structures. laboratories include examples of components design of a real operating systems.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming, and EECE.3170 Microprocessor System Design I, and EECE.3220 Data Structures, or Permission of Instructor.

Description

Structure of computers, past and present: first, second, third and fourth generation. Combinatorial and sequential circuits. Programmable logic arrays. Processor design: information formats, instruction formats, arithmetic operations and parallel processing. Hardwired and microprogrammed control units. Virtual, sequential and cache memories. Input-output systems, communication and bus control. Multiple CPU systems.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I,EECE 2650 Intro Logic Design.

Description

Covers design and implementation of network software that transforms raw hardware into a richly functional communication system. Real networks (such as the Internet, ATM, Ethernet, Token Ring) will be used as examples. Presents the different harmonizing functions needed for the interconnection of many heterogeneous computer networks. Internet protocols, such as UDP, TCP, IP, ARP, BGP and IGMP, are used as examples to demonstrate how internetworking is realized. Applications such as electronic mail and the WWW are studied.

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.3220 Data Structures.

Description

Introduces the principles and the fundamental techniques for Image Processing and Computer Vision. courses include programming aspects of vision, image formation and representation, multi-scale analysis, boundary detection, texture analysis, shape from shading, object modeling, stereo-vision, motion and optical flow, shape description and objects recognition (classification), and hardware design of video cards. AI techniques for Computer Vision are also covered. Laboratories include real applications from industry and the latest research areas.

Prerequisites

Pre-req; EECE 2160 ECE Application Programming, and EECE 3620 Signals and Systems or Permission of Instructor.

Description

This course will cover two categories of topics: One part is the fundamental principles of cryptography and its applications to cyber & network security in general. This part focuses on cryptography algorithms and the fundamental cyber & network security enabling mechanisms. courses include cyber-attack analysis and classifications, public key cryptography (RSA, Diffie-Hellman), secret key cryptography (DES, IDEA), Hash (MD2, MD5, SHA-1) algorithms, key distribution and management, security handshake pitfalls and authentications, and well-known cyber & network security protocols such as Kerberos, IPSec, SSL/SET, PGP & PKI, WEP, etc. The second part surveys unique challenges and the general security & Privacy solutions for the emerging data/communication/information/computing networks (e.g., Ad Hoc & sensor network, IoTs, cloud and edge computing, big data, social networks, cyber-physical systems, critical infrastructures such as smart grids and smart transportation systems, etc.).

Prerequisites

Pre-req: EECE.2460 Intro to Data Communication Networks, or EECE.4830 Network Design: Principles, Protocols and Applications, or Permission of Instructor.

Description

Optical fiber; waveguide modes, multimode vs single mode; bandwidth and data rates; fiber losses; splices, couplers, connectors, taps and gratings; optical transmitters; optical receivers; high speed optoelectronic devices; optical link design; broadband switching; single wavelength systems (FDDI, SONET, ATM); coherent transmission; wavelength division multiplexing and CDMA; fiber amplifiers.

Prerequisites

Pre-Reqs: EECE 3600 Emag Theory I, EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I or Instructor permission.

Description

The objective of this course is to execute the project defined in Capstone Proposal. The design of the project will be completed, prototyped, tested, refined, constructed and delivered to the client. Practical experience will be gained in solving engineering problems, designing a system to meet technical requirements, using modern design elements and following accepted engineering practices. Students will work in a team environment and deliver the completed system to the project client. Proper documentation of activities is required.

Prerequisites

Pre-Req: EECE.3991 Capstone Proposal.

The White House on Thursday marked one year since President Biden relaunched the Cancer Moonshot initiative, announcing a series of new efforts to reduce cancer deaths and provide support to those getting treatment.

The National Cancer Institute will launch a new public-private partnership to assist families with children diagnosed with cancer, the White House said. The Childhood Cancer — Data Integration for Research, Education, Care, and Clinical Trials, or CC-DIRECT, will provide support to families to help them find ideal care for their child and participate in research initiatives like clinical trials and share data on optimal treatments.

The new program is a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute, the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Cancer Society, the Office fo the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology and several other groups.

The White House also announced that the the Health Resources and Services Administration is awarding $10 million to Excellerate access to cancer screenings to Excellerate early detection. The funds will go to 22 National Cancer Institute-designated cancer centers, which will conduct patient outreach in their communities to promote early detection.

The Department of Health and Human Services is also launching a public-private partnership called CancerX, an innovation initiative to accelerate the development of biotech and health tech startups focused on cancer care, especially those with equity in mind.

The initiatives announced Thursday will be led by Biden’s “Cancer Cabinet,” which is made up of medical experts and roughly 20 administration officials from the White House, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Labor and other agencies.

Biden in February 2021 relaunched the Cancer Moonshot with the goal to cut the cancer death rate in half over the next 25 years and Excellerate the lives of caregivers and cancer survivors. Biden oversaw the original moonshot initiative during the final years of the Obama administration.

The cause of ending cancer has been personal for Biden, whose son Beau Biden died of brain cancer in 2015 at the age of 46. The president has talked about ending cancer throughout his campaign and presidency, saying it would be a priority for him. He has also framed it as a bipartisan effort, meeting with members of both parties at the White House during his first year in office to discuss the effort.

Taken aback by Florida’s attacks against its new AP African American studies course, the College Board late Saturday denounced the state Department of Education, saying it used the course to advance a politically motivated agenda.

The organization’s letter, published at 8 p.m. Saturday, came just two days after it released another statement that did not take such a harsh tone as it pushed back against the department’s claims that portions of the course are “historically fictional.”

“There continue to be conversations and misinformation, and we felt the urgency to set the record straight and not wait another day to do so,” a College Board spokesperson said. The College Board publishes AP courses and exams.

In its latest unsigned statement, the College Board said it is proud of its “historic” course, which has been crafted by renowned scholars. It acknowledged it made mistakes during the rollout and accused Florida of exploiting the situation.

Gov. Ron DeSantis has criticized the course and said Florida would not accept it without revisions. DeSantis has been using attacks against the way race is taught in schools, calling it “woke,” in many speeches amid wide speculation that he will use the issue as part of a presidential campaign.

Neither the governor’s office nor the Department of Education had responded to a request for comment on the College Board’s statement as of Sunday afternoon.

The College Board stated in its latest letter that it regrets not having denounced the Florida Department of Education’s “slander” that the course “lacks educational value.” The failure to speak up “betrayed Black scholars everywhere,” the College Board wrote.

It said it also should have made more clear that the course outline did not include all the scholarly articles, lectures and other materials that will be part of the course. That led to the idea that some important thinkers were eliminated, it said — something Florida officials claimed credit for.

“The vitriol aimed at these scholars is repulsive and must stop,” the group wrote.

The College Board made other defenses of the materials and the course preparation. Then it turned its sights on Florida’s interaction with the course.

It called the Department of Education’s claims that it had been in frequent dialogue with the College Board over the course content “a false and politically motivated charge.”

Florida officials have claimed credit for changes made to the course outline.

“We had no negotiations about the content of this course with Florida or any other state, nor did we receive any requests, suggestions or feedback,” the College Board wrote.

It said the organization was “naive” not to publicize Florida’s course rejection when it first came in September. It said the letter misspelled the word “African” and contained no explanation of the rejection.

Florida asked the College Board to call with questions, which it said it did. “These phone calls with FDOE (the Florida Department of Education) were absent of substance, despite the audacious claims of influence FDOE is now making.”

Rather, the letter states, the department official asked “vague, uninformed questions” and did not bring any African American studies experts to the call. The College Board said it asked for specific concerns in writing.

“They never sent us any feedback, but instead sent a second letter to us on January 12, 2023, as a PR stunt which repeated the same rejection but now with inflated rhetoric and posturing, saying the course lacked ‘educational value,’” the group wrote.

The College Board said it made a mistake in treating the department with the courtesy it usually gives to education agencies, “but they have instead exploited this courtesy for their political agenda.”

It contended that Florida’s effort to “engineer a political win” included claiming credit for specific changes to the course framework. It said the department leaked to reporters the state’s Feb. 7 letter to the College Board. In that letter, the Department of Education expresses gratitude for the removal of 19 topics.

The College Board said Saturday that the state never asked for those 19 courses to be removed, and that most remain in the official framework.

The department continues to deride African American studies by describing key courses as “historically fictional,” the College Board said. Requests for more explanation have not been answered, it added.

“The College Board condemns this uninformed caricature of African American Studies and the harm it does to scholars and students,” the College Board wrote.

• • •

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The College Board released the final curriculum of its new Advanced Placement African American Studies course on Wednesday, seemingly leaving out any references to courses or works Gov. Ron DeSantis criticized and drawing rebukes from Black leaders over ‘watering down’ the course to placate politicians.

The final framework, which the College Board released in a 234-page course outline, omits any reference to Black Queer Studies, the Black Lives Matter movement, Black Feminist Literary Thought and slavery reparations. The curriculum also does not include any works or thoughts of study associated with well-known Black scholars and authors such as Kimberlé W. Crenshaw, Angela Davis and bell hooks, such as critical race theory — all courses the governor raised concerns about, according to a review of the document.

“This is a monumental moment for education as we recognize the incredible contributions African Americans have made to our country’s story,” Florida Sen. Shevrin Jones, a Democrat who represents northwest Miami-Dade and southwest Broward, said in a statement following the release. Nevertheless, he said DeSantis’ “systematic attack on public education is far bigger than AP classes. This is part of a larger war on our very ability to think, question, and engage in our democracy. It is a national attempt to redirect how students learn.”

The curriculum comes two weeks after the governor announced the state had rejected the course that was set to be taught in Florida’s public high schools in the upcoming school year and sparked a national political firestorm. It also follows DeSantis’ announcement Tuesday to overhaul higher education in the state, which includes a recommendation to eliminate diversity, equity and inclusion “bureaucracies” on college and university campuses.

Initially, the administration claimed the course violated state law and “lack[ed] educational value,” without citing any evidence. Last year, the Florida Legislature passed a series of bills — now laws — that limit or bar discussions about race and LGBTQ+ issues in higher education and for students younger than third grade, respectively.

But after facing criticism from Florida’s Black leaders, national organizations and the White House, the Florida Department of Education curated a graphic that broadly outlined the courses it objected to, including the work of Black scholars and writers, such as Crenshaw, Davis and hooks.

Crenshaw is a professor at Columbia Law School whose writing focuses on civil rights, critical race theory, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law; Davis is a political activist, professor, and author; and hooks is a writer who has influenced discussions about race, feminism and class.

College Board says politicians did not direct course

It remains unclear how much of what was included — or excluded — from the final curriculum came as the result of DeSantis and his administration’s critiques. The College Board said in a statement that no states or districts saw the official framework before its unveiling, “much less provided feedback on it.”

After Florida rejected the course, the College Board said it would not cave to pressures from governors or district leaders and routinely said that pilot programs often undergo multiple and continuous changes in the development of a new AP course. This is the first time the College Board has developed an AP course on African American history.

The College Board CEO David Coleman said in a news release Wednesday the course is an “unflinching encounter with the facts and evidence of African American history and culture. No one is excluded from this course…Everyone is seen.”

Robert J. Patterson, a professor of African American Studies at Georgetown University who co-chaired a committee that developed the course, said in a statement Wednesday that the course offers “an unparalleled breadth of content and depth of skill that surpass what many introductory college-level African American Studies courses can accomplish within a semester or quarter.”

As of Wednesday evening, the governor nor his administration issued a statement on the release.

DeSantis’ influence

The DeSantis administration did not release the pilot course framework, nor was it published by the College Board, making it difficult to decipher what content was changed — or when. Nevertheless, some people are questioning why the College Board removed these topics. (The Herald obtained a copy of a version of the pilot course after the rejection.)

Daniella Pierre, president of the Miami-Dade branch of the NAACP, understands that changes to the pilot program would be made, but was concerned about the College Board removing certain courses and the governor’s perceived influence in the decision, especially when the Board had the backing of national civil rights organizations. Though she has yet to fully review the published framework, she believes the College Board should have stood strong on what they presented as factual history.

“While the College Board might say [the changes] are due to pedagogy, I’m not so certain,” Pierre told the Herald. “Because I see that [the courses removed] were questioned by the administration.”

At Miami-Dade County’s Black Affairs Advisory Board meeting Wednesday, members discussed the College Board’s framework and voted unanimously to have a staff member write a letter voicing opposition to the DeSantis policies.

“We are the voice of the Black community in Miami-Dade County,” said Pierre Rutledge, the board’s chair and an administrator at Miami-Dade’s school system. “If you sit there and be quiet, silence sometimes can be seen as consent.”

And on Tuesday, more than 200 faculty members in African American studies condemned DeSantis’ perceived interference in the course in a letter published on Medium.

Craig Whisenhunt, a Pinellas Park attorney, however, was less willing to attribute the changes to the governor and called into question the timing of his critiques.

The College Board has routinely said pilot courses undergo continuous changes during development and the governor’s rejection, he argued, is akin to a teacher lashing out at a student’s draft report on the eve of its submission.

Whisenhunt, who indicated last month he would join a lawsuit against the Florida Department of Education if the state agency rejected the course, said he suspects the pilot’s framework at the time the governor rejected it “looked very similar to what we’re seeing now and probably would’ve looked this way” with or without the governor’s input.

He agrees with some critics that claim the final version is a “watering down” of more recent issues, but said he believes the emphasis of the course is “more about how we got to where we are instead of the now.”

In that regard, he said, the curriculum does seem to adhere to that objective.

Final framework differs from pilot, College Board says

Though issues raised by DeSantis’ administration are seemingly missing from the final framework, the College Board, in a statement, provided examples of how the framework differs from the preliminary pilot coursework.

According to the news release, the curriculum includes new courses that were not well represented in the pilot course, including a course titled “Black conservatism,” which is now offered as an idea for a research project.

The course — pegged as an “interdisciplinary course that draws from a variety of fields to explore the vital contributions and experiences of African Americans” — has been in development for nearly a year and involved more than 300 professors of African American Studies from “more than 200 colleges nationwide,” including Historically Black Colleges and Universities.

Notably, any courses eliminated will not appear on the final AP exam, which is what colleges and universities use in deciding whether to provide a student credit for the course. A student has to get a certain grade on the AP test in order to get college credit for the high school class.

This school year, the College Board piloted the course in 60 classrooms across the country, including at least one in Miami-Dade County Public Schools. Students at Robert Morgan Educational Center in Southwest Miami-Dade were enrolled in the pilot course and were upset when Miami-Dade Schools canceled their class halfway through the school year and had the students finish the year in an African American History honors course.

“If this is a change they’re going to make [and] take away from me learning simple history, what else can they take away from my education?” said Chyna Lee Hunter, 17, one of the students in the class, told the Herald. “If history only focuses on one culture, “we won’t know the full story. Everyone is always going to feel uncomfortable and misplaced.”

The district said it removed the materials after the Florida Department of Education indicated the lessons were “contrary to Florida law,” a school district spokesperson said. It’s unclear how many other Florida schools participated in the pilot program or if those classes also were canceled after the governor’s announcement.

Times/Herald Tallahassee bureau reporter Ana Ceballos contributed to this report.

Brazil’s President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva has arrived in Argentina for a summit where the two countries will work to foster stronger trade ties.

Lula’s arrival Monday came after he and Argentine leader Alberto Fernandez had published a joint article saying their aim for greater economic integration included studies of a common South American currency.

Brazilian Finance Minister Fernando Haddad played down the idea of a single shared currency between Argentina and Brazil, saying late on Sunday that the countries were looking at ways to stimulate bilateral trade but not extinguish their own currencies.

Haddad, who had floated the possibility of a common currency in an article last year, said removing trade barriers between the two largest economies in South America could involve using a single currency for commerce, given a lack of United States dollars in Argentina. But that does not spell the end of the Brazilian real, he said.

“Trade is really bad and the problem is precisely the foreign currency, right? So we are trying to find a solution, something in common that could make commerce grow,” Haddad told reporters as he arrived in Buenos Aires.

Haddad said Argentina’s trade with Brazil had suffered due to a lack of dollars in the southern neighbour, where an economic crisis has left the government battling to replenish foreign currency reserves, with an inflation rate of nearly 100 percent last year.

Haddad noted Argentina was an important buyer of Brazilian industrial goods and that “several possibilities” were being floated to circumvent its currency problems, though no decision had been made.

Asked if he could provide further details on the currency issue, Haddad confirmed he would clear the matter up in the coming days, “especially because some people are saying the real will end”.

Brazil is Argentina’s largest trade partner, according to official figures published last week by the INDEC national statistics institute.

Brazil is the top destination for Argentine exports, amounting to 14.3 percent and $12.7bn in 2022.

Close to 20 percent of Argentina’s imports are from Brazil, worth just over $16bn last year.

“Argentina is the most important country in our diplomatic relations,” Feliciano de Sa Guimaraes, academic director for the Brazilian Center for Diplomatic Relations, told AFP.

Likewise, Fernandez’s government “depends a lot on Brazil”, not least in its negotiations with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), with whom Argentina has a $44bn debt.

Earlier on Sunday, Lula and Fernandez said in an article published on the Argentine website Perfil that they would “advance discussions on a common South American currency that can be used for both financial and commercial flows”.

The Financial Times had previously reported, citing Argentina’s Economy Minister Sergio Massa, that the neighbouring nations would announce this week they were starting preparatory work on a common currency.

Brazil and Argentina will sign a bilateral agreement creating a guarantee fund to stimulate Brazilian exports, a Brazilian government source told the Reuters news agency on Monday, as officials from both governments meet for a summit in Buenos Aires.

Under the deal, Argentina will have to provide a collateral guarantee for Brazil’s trade financing with international liquidity, the source said, adding that the two largest economies in South America will also establish a working group to study creating a single clearing account in the continent, Reuters reported.

© Provided by Business Today 'ChatGPT is early and dangerous': Coursera CEO on integration of AI-based software to courses

Coursera CEO Jeff Maggioncalda admitted that ChatGPT's power keeps him awake at night. 

"I've been awake for 45 days - I use ChatGPT...It can create new things - it's extraordinary. It's early, it's dangerous and it can disrupt things," he said about the artificial intelligence-based chatbot. Maggioncalda told Moneycontrol that he wants to integrate ChatGPT with Coursera.

Maggioncalda stated that the pre-pandemic world was place-based when discussing the difficulties of balancing an on-campus life and online courses. “So if you had to learn you had to go to campus, if you wanted to work you had to go to an office. Then the campuses shut down, the offices shut down. What we are seeing now is a hybrid world,” he said.

In terms of Coursera's plans for India, he stated that the company is collaborating with universities across the country to integrate career electives and industry certificates into on-campus learning programmes.

“The online courses can be from universities and they can also be from industries. So, we call these “career electives” with traditional degree programmes,” he told Moneycontrol on the sidelines of the World Economic Forum in Davos.

"One of the great things about hybrid is that you can learn from anywhere, at any time, and with anyone," he continued.

He also addressed the crucial issue of how to enrol in a Coursera course. According to this statement, people are more motivated to finish a course if it will benefit their careers, but they are more likely to abandon free courses they sign up for as hobbies, such as a history course, because they are more enjoyable and entertaining.

Maggioncalda added that he has finished about 15 courses on Coursera and is currently enrolled in the Google Data Analytics course, a professional certificate programme, and a course from the University of Amsterdam on the history of the universe.

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