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630-005 book - C.P.M. Module 1: Purchasing Process

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Exam Code: 630-005 C.P.M. Module 1: Purchasing Process book 2023 by Killexams.com team
C.P.M. Module 1: Purchasing Process
ISM Purchasing book

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630-005 C.P.M. Module 1: Purchasing Process
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630-007 C.P.M. Module 3: Value Enhancement Strategies
630-008 C.P.M. Module 4: Management
CPSM Certified Professional in Supply Management (CPSM)(Foundation)
CPSM1 Foundation of Supply Management

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Killexams : ISM Purchasing book - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/630-005 Search results Killexams : ISM Purchasing book - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/630-005 https://killexams.com/exam_list/ISM Killexams : Republicans pass new version of Governor’s book ban bill to address alleged “woke-ism” in schools No result found, try new keyword!Subscribe Now The amended bill still includes requirements for school districts to upload all curriculum on it’s website; includes a mechanism to remove books from libraries that contain graphic ... Wed, 05 Apr 2023 08:16:00 -0500 http://www.bing.com/news/apiclick.aspx?ref=FexRss&aid=&tid=647d44b6358f4ed1898cff73a4cecb6e&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Fnews%2Fus%2Frepublicans-pass-new-version-of-governors-book-ban-bill-to-address-alleged-“woke-ism”-in-schools%2Far-AA19vCCh&c=12978970488371518183&mkt=en-us Killexams : ISM survey indicates people remain a stumbling block to procurement success

Technology is great, but people continue to be the largest roadblock to procurement performance, according to respondents of an online survey conducted by three researchers.

The results were announced at the recent Institute for Supply Management World 2023 conference in Grapevine, Texas.

Data was collected between February and April of this year via online survey in collaboration with ISM. In all, 409 people were considered full respondents, while over 1,200 people contributed to at least some part of the survey.

Researchers Marcell Vollmer, CEO of Prospitalia Group, Christoph Bode, professor at the University of Mannheim’s Business School, holding the endowed chair of procurement, and Ruth Schültken, doctoral researcher at University of Mannheim’s Business School, presented the State of Procurement Professional Survey 2023 results at ISM World.

Respondents were asked to rank performance roadblocks on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 not at all and 7 representing to a very large extent. People scored between a 4 and 5, just outpacing technology, tasks and structure. All the answers scored higher than a 4, indicating procurement professionals are facing a series of challenges in performing their jobs.

Please click here to read the complete article. 

Mon, 22 May 2023 02:07:00 -0500 en text/html https://www.logisticsmgmt.com/article/ism_survey_indicates_people_remain_a_stumbling_block_to_procurement_success
Killexams : ISM Services Index Slumps to 3-Year Low, Adding to Manufacturing and Trade Gloom No result found, try new keyword!Activity in the U.S. services sector, by far the largest component of the world's biggest economy, slowed notably in September, the ISM Purchasing Managers survey indicated Thursday, falling to ... Thu, 03 Oct 2019 02:16:00 -0500 text/html https://www.thestreet.com/markets/rates-and-bonds/ism-services-index-slumps-to-3-year-low-adding-to-manufacturing-and-trade-gloom-15113949 Killexams : U.S. ISM Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI)

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Sun, 02 Jan 2022 07:20:00 -0600 en-gb text/html https://uk.investing.com/economic-calendar/ism-manufacturing-pmi-173
Killexams : How the internet ruined the joy of browsing

For a while now I have been worried that the internet is destroying my capacity for satisfaction. I sit down at my computer to choose a film to watch and I am gripped by a sense of vertigo, the whole history of cinema arranged in front of me in a virtual warehouse of unprecedented scale, crate after crate of movie titles stretching off towards an invisible horizon. 

Or I am standing at a jukebox attempting to choose a song but the jukebox is the size of an ocean liner and I am a tiny stick figure pressed against its giant glass frontage, watching the mechanical arm picking up and putting down thousands of records. Or I am in a bookshop at the end of the universe, standing in a yawning canyon of shelves a mile high on either side of me, holding only a tattered copy of the New York Review of Books in my hands like some ancient treasure map, craning my neck to see a murmuration of Amazon drones buzzing back and forth in the evening sky.

I am haunted by the spectre of the perfect thing. Not the perfect book or the perfect TV show necessarily, but the perfect one for my mood right now. The movie or the song that captures some ineffable quintessence of my soul – all my accumulated experiences in the world, my heart’s aspiration for cultural betterment and my stomach’s yearning for gooey trash – and combines that with the memory of the last thing I really enjoyed and our exact position in the astrological calendar. Good enough will no longer do. I am 39 years old. I have lived close to half my life and I am running out of time to see everything I need to see and read everything I need to read before I die. In this immense archive it must be possible to identify the right thing, the perfect thing. And so I equivocate to the point of paralysis. And then give up and watch The Pelican Brief (1993) again. 

There are many ways in which the internet saps our happiness, but this is the one that I feel particularly keenly. Too much choice is ruining the pleasure of browsing. Good browsing, I believe very strongly, relies upon two things; a finite amount of stuff to be browsed, and an understanding that you must choose only from what is available. Buried inside those conditions is your acceptance of the likelihood that the shop won’t have the perfect thing for you and so you adjust your expectations accordingly. You seek out, instead, something that catches your eye. Something curious or something enticing. Something weird. Something with a funny title or an interesting cover. A catchy song that happens to be playing in the background. The movie that someone else just returned. A book that accidentally falls on the ground when you knock into a shelf trying to get out of the way of another customer because the aisles are too narrow for two people to pass one another but actually when you look down, maybe that sounds interesting and, why not, yes, why not this one after all?

Randomness, according to the artist and philosopher James Bridle, is best understood not as an individual quality, but as a relationship between things; “one number is not random; it only becomes random in relation to a sequence of other numbers, and the degree of its randomness is a property of the whole group.” In other words, randomness is a kind of encounter. It is a meeting of things that would not otherwise meet. A jury is a random encounter between 12 people who would otherwise never have been brought together. We rely on this random process as the basis for our legal system in places like the UK and the US because we have deemed it the fairest possible system. Without bias or prejudice. Without hierarchy. In these random encounters is what Bridle describes as a “radical equality” and they propose that we should give up more of our decision making to its democratic power. Buried inside this randomness is the basis for a better way for people to live with each other.

Computers are absolutely terrible at randomness. They are incapable of being random. It goes against the very basis of programming, the mathematics buried in all those lines of code. And so rather than randomness what the internet attempts to serve us is certainty. Thousands and thousands of items generated specifically for us based on our purchasing history. Advertisements determined by algorithms created by corporations that mine our every click for more and more data on what we desire. All the appalling apparatus of surveillance capitalism deployed to determine more connections, more accurate customer profiles, the clearest possible picture of who we are and what we might want. 

Sun, 23 Apr 2023 07:50:00 -0500 en text/html https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/authors/andy-field-encounterism-neglected-joys-of-being-in-person/
Killexams : Manufacturing PMI® At 46.9%; May 2023 Manufacturing ISM® Report On Business® — Apparel, Leather...

TEMPE, Ariz. — June 1, 2023 — Economic activity in the manufacturing sector contracted in May for the seventh consecutive month following a 28-month period of growth, say the nation’s supply executives in the latest Manufacturing ISM® Report On Business®.

The report was issued today by Timothy R. Fiore, CPSM, C.P.M., Chair of the Institute for Supply Management® (ISM®) Manufacturing Business Survey Committee:

“The May Manufacturing PMI® registered 46.9 percent, 0.2 percentage point lower than the 47.1 percent recorded in April. Regarding the overall economy, this figure indicates a sixth month of contraction after a 30-month period of expansion. The New Orders Index remained in contraction territory at 42.6 percent, 3.1 percentage points lower than the figure of 45.7 percent recorded in April. The Production Index memorizing of 51.1 percent is a 2.2-percentage point increase compared to April’s figure of 48.9 percent. The Prices Index registered 44.2 percent, down 9 percentage points compared to the April figure of 53.2 percent. The Backlog of Orders Index registered 37.5 percent, 5.6 percentage points lower than the April memorizing of 43.1 percent. The Employment Index indicated another month of expansion, registering 51.4 percent, up 1.2 percentage points from April’s memorizing of 50.2 percent. The provider Deliveries Index figure of 43.5 percent is 1.1 percentage points lower than the 44.6 percent recorded in April; this is the index’s lowest memorizing since March 2009 (43.2 percent). The Inventories Index dropped 0.5 percentage point to 45.8 percent; the April memorizing was 46.3 percent. The New Export Orders Index memorizing of 50 percent is 0.2 percentage point higher than April’s figure of 49.8 percent. The Imports Index remained in contraction territory, registering 47.3 percent, 2.6 percentage points lower the 49.9 percent reported in April.”

Fiore continues, “The U.S. manufacturing sector shrank again, with the Manufacturing PMI® losing a bit of ground compared to the previous month, indicating a faster rate of contraction. The May composite index memorizing reflects companies continuing to manage outputs to better match demand for the first half of 2023 and prepare for growth in the late summer/early fall period. However, there is clearly more business uncertainty in May. Demand eased again, with the (1) New Orders Index contracting at a faster rate, (2) New Export Orders Index slightly improving to 50 percent, (3) Customers’ Inventories Index persisting at the low end of ‘too high’ territory, a negative for future production and (4) Backlog of Orders Index dropping to a level not seen since the Great Recession. Output/Consumption (measured by the Production and Employment indexes) was positive, with a combined 3.4-percentage point upward impact on the Manufacturing PMI® calculation. The Employment Index expanded for the second month (and at a faster rate) after two months of contraction, and the Production Index moved back into expansion territory. Regarding employment, panelists’ comments continue to indicate near equal levels of activity toward expanding and contracting head counts at their companies, amid mixed sentiment about when significant growth will return. Inputs — defined as provider deliveries, inventories, prices and imports — continue to accommodate future demand growth. The provider Deliveries Index indicated faster deliveries, and the Inventories Index dropped further into contraction as panelists’ companies manage inventories exposure. The Prices Index fell back into ‘decreasing’ territory (and in dramatic fashion) after one month of increasing prices. Manufacturing lead times clearly improved in the month.

“Of the six biggest manufacturing industries, only one — Transportation Equipment — registered growth in May.

“New order rates contracted further, as panelists remain concerned about when manufacturing growth will resume. Panelists’ comments again registered a 1-to-1 ratio regarding optimism for future growth and continuing near-term demand declines. Supply chains are prepared and eager for growth, as panelists’ comments and the data support reduced lead times for their companies’ more important purchases. Price instability remains and future demand is uncertain as companies continue to work down overdue deliveries and backlogs. Seventy-six percent of manufacturing gross domestic product (GDP) is contracting, up from 73 percent in April. A larger number of industries contracted strongly, as the proportion of manufacturing GDP registering a composite PMI® calculation at or below 45 percent — a good barometer of overall manufacturing weakness — increasing to 31 percent in May, compared to 12 percent in April. May performance was clearly weaker compared to April,” says Fiore.

The four manufacturing industries that reported growth in May are: Nonmetallic Mineral Products; Furniture & Related Products; Transportation Equipment; and Fabricated Metal Products. The 14 industries reporting contraction in May, in the following order, are: Wood Products; Primary Metals; Apparel, Leather & Allied Products; Textile Mills; Paper Products; Printing & Related Support Activities; Petroleum & Coal Products; Chemical Products; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Computer & Electronic Products; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Plastics & Rubber Products; Miscellaneous Manufacturing; and Machinery.

WHAT RESPONDENTS ARE SAYING

“Overall impact for our business is mixed. Our scientific instrumentation business continues to be weakened by lending to support capital purchasing, while services and consumables stay on track and continue to increase in some markets. Hiring has slowed in response to continued global uncertainty on inflation and unrest in Europe.” [Computer & Electronic Products]

“Demand continues to gain momentum due to new business pipelines finally yielding billable production. Personal care and home care are drivers.” [Chemical Products]

“We continue to have a strong backlog for our customer orders; however, new orders are slowing. Our provider on-time delivery continues to be a challenge for us, and we still face price increases on a weekly basis. Labor shortages are getting better within our organization and throughout our supply chain.” [Transportation Equipment]

“Pricing seems to be becoming the primary focus of supply and sourcing teams, as customers and consumers are beginning to push back. While inflation is easing on some discretionary goods, high food costs persist across most categories.” [Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products]

“Business is returning to pre-pandemic levels. There is increased demand in commercial/government markets and reduced demand in residential/consumer markets.” [Machinery]

“Less volatility in customer demand from one month to six months out; seeing signs of slowing in the second half of 2023 and potentially into early 2024. Logistics, particularly from East Asia, continue to return to historical-level transit times; Europe and India remain elevated. Supply shortages are limited to select items only. Suppliers are still seeking price increases but are too late to be asking now.” [Fabricated Metal Products]

“Although sales are slightly lower, they are holding at current rate — soft, not catastrophic.” [Furniture & Related Products]

“Moderate increase in customer orders/demand, provider deliveries improving, and raw material prices stable to soft.” [Plastics & Rubber Products]

“Business conditions are good, demand remains strong, and we are continuing to ramp up production to keep up.” [Miscellaneous Manufacturing]

“Industrial and high-tech demands are pushing out, as a slowdown is clear. This is stunting growth and currently making 2023 demand look flat to only slightly up, compared to original projections of 10-percent growth.” [Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components]

MANUFACTURING AT A GLANCE
May 2023
Index Series
Index

May

Series
Index

Apr

Percentage

Point

Change

Direction Rate of
Change
Trend*
(Months)
Manufacturing PMI® 46.9 47.1 -0.2 Contracting Faster 7
New Orders 42.6 45.7 -3.1 Contracting Faster 9
Production 51.1 48.9 +2.2 Growing From Contracting 1
Employment 51.4 50.2 +1.2 Growing Faster 2
Supplier Deliveries 43.5 44.6 -1.1 Faster Faster 8
Inventories 45.8 46.3 -0.5 Contracting Faster 3
Customers’ Inventories 51.4 51.3 +0.1 Too High Faster 2
Prices 44.2 53.2 -9.0 Decreasing From Increasing 1
Backlog of Orders 37.5 43.1 -5.6 Contracting Faster 8
New Export Orders 50.0 49.8 +0.2 Unchanged From Contracting 1
Imports 47.3 49.9 -2.6 Contracting Faster 7
OVERALL ECONOMY Contracting Faster 6
Manufacturing Sector Contracting Faster 7

Manufacturing ISM® Report On Business® data is seasonally adjusted for the New Orders, Production, Employment and Inventories indexes.
*Number of months moving in current direction.

COMMODITIES REPORTED UP/DOWN IN PRICE AND IN SHORT SUPPLY

Commodities Up in Price
Aluminum; Copper (6); Electrical Components (7); Electronic Components (4); Labor — Temporary (2); and Steel* (4).

Commodities Down in Price
Corrugate (6); Diesel; Epoxy (2); Freight (7); Pallets; Paper; Plastic Resins (12); Polypropylene; Steel — Hot Rolled; Steel* (2); and Sulphur.

Commodities in Short Supply
Electrical Components (32); Electronic Components (30); Semiconductors (30); and Steel Based Products.

Note: The number of consecutive months the commodity is listed is indicated after each item.
*Indicates both up and down in price.

MAY 2023 MANUFACTURING INDEX SUMMARIES

Manufacturing PMI®
The U.S. manufacturing sector contracted in May, as the Manufacturing PMI® registered 46.9 percent, 0.2 percentage point lower than the memorizing of 47.1 percent recorded in April. “This is the seventh month of contraction and continuation of a downward trend that began in June 2022. That trend is reflected in the Manufacturing PMI®’s 12-month average falling to 49.4 percent. Of the five subindexes that directly factor into the Manufacturing PMI®, two (Production; and Employment) are in growth territory; however, these positive gains were offset by larger losses in the other three (New Orders, provider Deliveries and Inventories). Of the six biggest manufacturing industries, only one (Transportation Equipment) registered growth in May. The New Orders Index logged a ninth month in contraction territory. Like in April, three of the 10 subindexes were above 50 percent for the period,” says Fiore. A memorizing above 50 percent indicates that the manufacturing sector is generally expanding; below 50 percent indicates that it is generally contracting.

A Manufacturing PMI® above 48.7 percent, over a period of time, generally indicates an expansion of the overall economy. Therefore, the May Manufacturing PMI® indicates the overall economy contracted in May for a sixth consecutive month after 30 straight months of expansion. “The past relationship between the Manufacturing PMI® and the overall economy indicates that the May reading (46.9 percent) corresponds to a change of minus-0.6 percent in real gross domestic product (GDP) on an annualized basis,” says Fiore.

THE LAST 12 MONTHS

Month Manufacturing
PMI®
Month Manufacturing
PMI®
May 2023 46.9 Nov 2022 49.0
Apr 2023 47.1 Oct 2022 50.0
Mar 2023 46.3 Sep 2022 51.0
Feb 2023 47.7 Aug 2022 52.9
Jan 2023 47.4 Jul 2022 52.7
Dec 2022 48.4 Jun 2022 53.1
Average for 12 months – 49.4

High – 53.1

Low – 46.3

New Orders
ISM®’s New Orders Index contracted for the ninth consecutive month in May, registering 42.6 percent, a decrease of 3.1 percentage points compared to April’s memorizing of 45.7 percent. “Of the six largest manufacturing sectors, none reported increased new orders. New orders contraction quickened as panelists’ companies continue to experience uncertainty regarding future customer demand,” says Fiore. A New Orders Index above 52.7 percent, over time, is generally consistent with an increase in the Census Bureau’s series on manufacturing orders (in constant 2000 dollars).

The three manufacturing industries that reported growth in new orders in May are: Furniture & Related Products; Plastics & Rubber Products; and Miscellaneous Manufacturing. Twelve industries reported a decline in new orders in May, in the following order: Wood Products; Textile Mills; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Primary Metals; Computer & Electronic Products; Machinery; Petroleum & Coal Products; Paper Products; Chemical Products; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Fabricated Metal Products; and Transportation Equipment.

New Orders %Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 16.3 54.0 29.7 -13.4 42.6
Apr 2023 25.2 48.2 26.6 -1.4 45.7
Mar 2023 19.6 56.0 24.4 -4.8 44.3
Feb 2023 21.3 54.6 24.1 -2.8 47.0

Production
The Production Index registered 51.1 percent in May, 2.2 percentage points higher than the April reading of 48.9 percent, indicating a return to expansion after five consecutive months in contraction. “Of the top six industries, three — Computer & Electronic Products; Machinery; and Transportation Equipment — expanded in May. The index signaled the best production performance since October 2022, when it registered 51.9 percent. A return to expansion in the Production Index continues to support manufacturing executives’ strategy to stretch out output during the first half of 2023, as panelists’ companies attempt to retain sufficient workers to prepare for better second-half performance. But with the large-scale contraction of backlogs and the absence of new orders, it is unclear how long companies can continue to retain workers,” says Fiore. An index above 52.2 percent, over time, is generally consistent with an increase in the Federal Reserve Board’s Industrial Production figures.

The seven industries reporting growth in production during the month of May are, in order: Nonmetallic Mineral Products; Fabricated Metal Products; Computer & Electronic Products; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Plastics & Rubber Products; Machinery; and Transportation Equipment. The seven industries reporting a decrease in production in May — in the following order —are: Textile Mills; Wood Products; Printing & Related Support Activities; Primary Metals; Petroleum & Coal Products; Paper Products; and Miscellaneous Manufacturing.

Production %Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 20.6 59.5 19.9 +0.7 51.1
Apr 2023 24.4 56.0 19.6 +4.8 48.9
Mar 2023 17.6 63.2 19.2 -1.6 47.8
Feb 2023 16.6 62.3 21.1 -4.5 47.3

Employment
ISM®’s Employment Index registered 51.4 percent in May, 1.2 percentage points higher than the April memorizing of 50.2 percent. “The index indicated employment expanded again after two months of contraction. Of the six big manufacturing sectors, two (Transportation Equipment; and Machinery) expanded. For the third straight month, labor management sentiment at panelists’ companies reflects near parity between hiring and reducing staff,” says Fiore. An Employment Index above 50.4 percent, over time, is generally consistent with an increase in the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data on manufacturing employment.

Of 18 manufacturing industries, five reported employment growth in May: Nonmetallic Mineral Products; Transportation Equipment; Machinery; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; and Fabricated Metal Products. The four industries reporting a decrease in employment in May are: Textile Mills; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Chemical Products; and Computer & Electronic Products. Nine industries reported no change in employment.

Employment %Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 17.0 67.2 15.8 +1.2 51.4
Apr 2023 17.9 66.5 15.6 +2.3 50.2
Mar 2023 13.7 69.3 17.0 -3.3 46.9
Feb 2023 13.8 71.0 15.2 -1.4 49.1

Supplier Deliveries†
The delivery performance of suppliers to manufacturing organizations was faster for the eighth straight month in May, as the provider Deliveries Index registered 43.5 percent, 1.1 percentage points lower than the 44.6 percent reported in April. This month’s memorizing indicates the fastest provider delivery performance since March 2009, when the index registered 43.2 percent. Of the top six manufacturing industries, only Transportation Equipment reported slower deliveries. “Panelists’ comments continue to indicate that suppliers have excess capacity to meet all of their customers’ current demand forecasts,” says Fiore. A memorizing below 50 percent indicates faster deliveries, while a memorizing above 50 percent indicates slower deliveries.

Two of 18 manufacturing industries reported slower provider deliveries in May: Textile Mills; and Transportation Equipment. The 13 industries reporting faster provider deliveries in May as compared to April — in the following order — are: Paper Products; Primary Metals; Plastics & Rubber Products; Wood Products; Nonmetallic Mineral Products; Computer & Electronic Products; Petroleum & Coal Products; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Chemical Products; Miscellaneous Manufacturing; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Fabricated Metal Products; and Machinery.

Supplier Deliveries %Slower %Same %Faster Net Index
May 2023 7.2 72.6 20.2 -13.0 43.5
Apr 2023 7.6 74.0 18.4 -10.8 44.6
Mar 2023 8.2 73.2 18.6 -10.4 44.8
Feb 2023 9.7 71.0 19.3 -9.6 45.2

Inventories
The Inventories Index registered 45.8 percent in May, 0.5 percentage point lower than the 46.3 percent reported for April. “Manufacturing inventories contracted at a faster rate compared to April. Of the six big industries, none increased manufacturing inventories in May. Manufacturing inventories continue to be managed down by panelists’ companies in preparation for lower production output. The index recorded its lowest level since August 2020 (44.9 percent), which was at the beginning of the pandemic recovery period,” says Fiore. An Inventories Index greater than 44.4 percent, over time, is generally consistent with expansion in the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) figures on overall manufacturing inventories (in chained 2000 dollars).

Of 18 manufacturing industries, the two reporting higher inventories in May are: Textile Mills; and Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components. The 11 industries reporting contracting inventories in May — in the following order — are: Apparel, Leather & Allied Products; Wood Products; Printing & Related Support Activities; Chemical Products; Furniture & Related Products; Fabricated Metal Products; Primary Metals; Transportation Equipment; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Machinery; and Computer & Electronic Products.

Inventories %Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 13.5 63.8 22.7 -9.2 45.8
Apr 2023 15.1 62.4 22.5 -7.4 46.3
Mar 2023 15.5 65.2 19.3 -3.8 47.5
Feb 2023 20.5 60.7 18.8 +1.7 50.1

Customers’ Inventories†
ISM®’s Customers’ Inventories Index registered 51.4 percent in May, 0.1 percentage point higher than the 51.3 percent reported for April. “Customers’ inventory levels continue in the low end of the ‘too high’ level as panelists report their companies’ customers have again signaled suppliers to deliver less material in the future. Customers’ inventories continue another month at levels likely not conducive to future output growth,” says Fiore.

The eight industries reporting customers’ inventories as too high in May are, in order: Paper Products; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Petroleum & Coal Products; Wood Products; Fabricated Metal Products; Computer & Electronic Products; Plastics & Rubber Products; and Transportation Equipment. The four industries reporting customers’ inventories as too low in May are: Primary Metals; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Machinery; and Chemical Products. Six industries reported no change in customers’ inventories in May.

Customers’
Inventories
%
Reporting
%Too
High
%About
Right
%Too
Low
Net Index
May 2023 77 20.8 61.1 18.1 +2.7 51.4
Apr 2023 74 19.9 62.7 17.4 +2.5 51.3
Mar 2023 75 19.7 58.4 21.9 -2.2 48.9
Feb 2023 75 18.4 56.9 24.7 -6.3 46.9

Prices†
The ISM® Prices Index registered 44.2 percent, 9 percentage points lower compared to the April memorizing of 53.2 percent, indicating raw materials prices decreased in May. The index fell dramatically back into contraction (or “decreasing”) territory after one month in expansion. “Panelists’ comments support a more balanced supplier-buyer relationship, as sellers are more concerned about filling order books to support their backlogs. Of the top six manufacturing industries, three (Machinery; Petroleum & Coal Products; and Transportation Equipment) reported price increases in May. Eighty-five percent of panelists’ companies reported ‘same’ or ‘lower’ prices in May, compared to 74 percent in April,” says Fiore. A Prices Index above 52.9 percent, over time, is generally consistent with an increase in the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Producer Price Index for Intermediate Materials.

In May, five industries reported paying increased prices for raw materials: Textile Mills; Nonmetallic Mineral Products; Machinery; Petroleum & Coal Products; and Transportation Equipment. The 10 industries reporting paying decreased prices for raw materials in May — in the following order — are: Wood Products; Primary Metals; Paper Products; Printing & Related Support Activities; Plastics & Rubber Products; Chemical Products; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Computer & Electronic Products; Fabricated Metal Products; and Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components.

Prices %Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 15.4 57.5 27.1 -11.7 44.2
Apr 2023 26.3 53.7 20.0 +6.3 53.2
Mar 2023 21.4 55.6 23.0 -1.6 49.2
Feb 2023 24.7 53.2 22.1 +2.6 51.3

Backlog of Orders†
ISM®’s Backlog of Orders Index registered 37.5 percent in May, a notable 5.6-percentage point decrease compared to April’s memorizing of 43.1 percent, indicating order backlogs contracted (faster) for the eighth consecutive month after a 27-month period of expansion. Of the six largest manufacturing sectors, none expanded order backlogs in May. “The index remains in strong contraction as factories continue to work backlogs down amid weak new order levels, resulting in more companies reporting low backlogs. The index recorded its lowest level since February 2009, when it registered 33.6 percent,” says Fiore.

No industries reported growth in order backlogs in May. Twelve industries reported lower backlogs in May, in the following order: Paper Products; Wood Products; Plastics & Rubber Products; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Nonmetallic Mineral Products; Primary Metals; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Computer & Electronic Products; Fabricated Metal Products; Transportation Equipment; Chemical Products; and Machinery.

Backlog of
Orders
%
Reporting
%Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 91 10.8 53.3 35.9 -25.1 37.5
Apr 2023 90 15.3 55.6 29.1 -13.8 43.1
Mar 2023 90 12.6 62.6 24.8 -12.2 43.9
Feb 2023 92 16.9 56.3 26.8 -9.9 45.1

New Export Orders†
ISM®’s New Export Orders Index registered 50 percent in May, 0.2 percentage point higher than the April reading of 49.8 percent. “The New Export Orders Index indicated that export orders were unchanged in May after nine consecutive months in contraction territory preceded by 25 straight months of expansion. Comments supported the unexpected positive performance in order levels from China and Europe, but as was the case in April, activity remains weak,” says Fiore.

Five industries reported growth in new export orders in May: Miscellaneous Manufacturing; Paper Products; Plastics & Rubber Products; Fabricated Metal Products; and Transportation Equipment. The five industries reporting a decrease in new export orders in May are: Wood Products; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products; Chemical Products; and Computer & Electronic Products. Seven industries reported no change in exports in May compared to April.

New Export
Orders
%
Reporting
%Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 71 9.0 81.9 9.1 -0.1 50.0
Apr 2023 72 11.1 77.4 11.5 -0.4 49.8
Mar 2023 71 9.2 76.7 14.1 -4.9 47.6
Feb 2023 72 11.0 77.7 11.3 -0.3 49.9

Imports†
ISM®’s Imports Index registered 47.3 percent in May, a decrease of 2.6 percentage points compared to April’s figure of 49.9 percent. “The index contracted in May for the seventh consecutive month following a five-month period of expansion, at a faster pace. Panelists’ comments continue to indicate that the index memorizing reflects sluggish demand,” says Fiore.

The two industries reporting an increase in import volumes in May are: Petroleum & Coal Products; and Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products. The 11 industries that reported lower volumes of imports in May — listed in the following order — are: Wood Products; Nonmetallic Mineral Products; Primary Metals; Paper Products; Furniture & Related Products; Computer & Electronic Products; Transportation Equipment; Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components; Plastics & Rubber Products; Miscellaneous Manufacturing; and Machinery.

Imports %
Reporting
%Higher %Same %Lower Net Index
May 2023 84 7.7 79.2 13.1 -5.4 47.3
Apr 2023 85 11.8 76.1 12.1 -0.3 49.9
Mar 2023 83 11.3 73.2 15.5 -4.2 47.9
Feb 2023 84 10.5 78.8 10.7 -0.2 49.9

†The provider Deliveries, Customers’ Inventories, Prices, Backlog of Orders, New Export Orders, and Imports indexes do not meet the accepted criteria for seasonal adjustments.

Buying Policy
The average commitment lead time for Capital Expenditures in May was 172 days, an increase of two days compared to April. Average lead time in May for Production Materials was 84 days, a decrease of six days. Average lead time for Maintenance, Repair and Operating (MRO) Supplies was 45 days, a decrease of one day from April.

Percent Reporting  
Capital
Expenditures
Hand-to-
Mouth
30 Days 60 Days 90 Days 6 Months 1 Year+ Average
Days
 
May 2023 16 7 5 13 32 27 172  
Apr 2023 18 4 6 14 32 26 170  
Mar 2023 17 5 6 13 29 30 178  
Feb 2023 14 5 10 12 31 28 176  
Percent Reporting
Production
Materials
Hand-to-
Mouth
30 Days 60 Days 90 Days 6 Months 1 Year+ Average
Days
May 2023 8 25 29 21 12 5 84
Apr 2023 7 23 26 27 10 7 90
Mar 2023 8 26 22 27 11 6 87
Feb 2023 6 26 25 26 11 6 88
Percent Reporting
MRO Supplies Hand-to-
Mouth
30 Days 60 Days 90 Days 6 Months 1 Year+ Average
Days
May 2023 30 34 18 13 4 1 45
Apr 2023 27 40 15 12 5 1 46
Mar 2023 28 34 21 12 4 1 46
Feb 2023 27 36 20 13 4 0 43

Posted: June 2, 2023

Source: Institute for Supply Management® (ISM®)

Fri, 02 Jun 2023 08:03:00 -0500 Jim Borneman en-US text/html https://www.textileworld.com/textile-world/2023/06/manufacturing-pmi-at-46-9-may-2023-manufacturing-ism-report-on-business-apparel-leather-allied-products-and-textile-mills-reported-contraction/
Killexams : Book market in the Netherlands
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  • Editorially prepared
  • Download as PDF / PPT

Statistics report on the book industry in the Netherlands

This dossier presents facts and statistics about the book market in the Netherlands. Among the figures, are statistics about book publishers, book retail and retailers, Dutch readers and their memorizing behavior. Moreover, the dossier provides facts and figures on book expenditure, online bookstores, book genres, foreign-language books, e-books and audio books.

Table of contents

    • Consumer book market revenue in the Netherlands 2012-2023

    • Number of book authors in the Netherlands 2012-2017

    • Number of book titles sold in the Netherlands 2012-2021

    • Number of new book titles in the Netherlands 2013-2020

    • Number of e-book publishers in the Netherlands 2017-2018

    • Number of e-book titles available in the Netherlands 2017-2018

    • Turnover of the book market in the Netherlands 2012-2021

    • Book sales in the Netherlands 2012-2021

    • Market shares of print and digital in the Netherlands 2017 and 2022

    • Consumer spending on newspapers, books and stationery in the Netherlands 2008-2020

    • Paper book titles available in the Netherlands 2013-2017, by purchase channel

    • Average price of books in the Netherlands 2012-2020

    • Average revenue of bestsellers in the Netherlands 2012-2017

    • Number of book retailers in the Netherlands 2007-2017

    • Annual book readership in the Netherlands 2017-2020

    • Frequency of memorizing books among youth in the Netherlands 2018

    • Share of people memorizing books daily in the Netherlands 2013-2021

    • Number of books read in the last year in the Netherlands 2020

    • Purchasing paper or e-books in the Netherlands 2018

    • Bookstore visits in the Netherlands 2015-2021, by frequency

    • Distribution of time passed since last finished book January 2020

    • Distribution of book market turnover in the Netherlands 2021, by genre

    • Distribution of general book sales in the Netherlands 2017, by genre

    • Distribution of genres of print books in the Netherlands 2018

    • Total number of fiction book titles in the Netherlands 2012-2018

    • Total number of children's book titles available in the Netherlands 2012-2018

    • Leading fiction book genres read in the Netherlands 2021, by genre

    • Share of people memorizing non-fiction books in the Netherlands 2019, by genre

    • Turnover share of Dutch-language books in the Netherlands 2012-2018

    • Turnover share of foreign-language books in the Netherlands 2012-2018

    • Share of people sometimes buying foreign-language books in the Netherlands 2016-2019

    • Share of people sometimes buying English books in the Netherlands 2016-2019

    • Share of people sometimes buying German books in the Netherlands 2016-2019

    • Share of people sometimes buying French books in the Netherlands 2016-2019

    • Distribution of book sales in the Netherlands 2021, by genre

    • Distribution foreign-language book market turnover in the Netherlands 2019, by genre

    • Language of last read book in the Netherlands 2018

    • Individuals purchasing books in foreign language in the Netherlands 2021, by language

    • Annual e-book sales in the Netherlands from 2010-2017

    • Sales volume share of e-books in the Netherlands 2014-2021

    • Number of e-books purchased annually in the Netherlands 2015-2021

    • Number of e-readers in the Netherlands 2016-2018

    • Turnover share of e-books in the Netherlands 2014-2021

    • Average price of e-books in the Netherlands 2012-2020

    • Reading habits in the Netherlands 2021, by frequency

    • E-book memorizing device usage in the Netherlands 2021

    • E-books purchasing frequency in the Netherlands 2018

    • Distribution of e-book purchases in the Netherlands 2021

    • Ways to acquire e-books in the Netherlands 2018

    • Places to purchase e-books in the Netherlands 2018

    • Number of audio book titles available in the Netherlands 2017-2018

    • Audio books listening frequency in the Netherlands 2017-2021

    • Audio book listeners in the Netherlands 2021, by age group

    • Audio book listeners in the Netherlands 2019, by level of education

    • Reasons to listen to audiobooks in the Netherlands 2019

  • Language: English
  • Released: 2020

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Wed, 21 Jul 2021 22:55:00 -0500 en text/html https://www.statista.com/study/39372/book-market-in-the-netherlands-statista-dossier/ Killexams : Exploring Canadian memorizing habits and trends in 2022

A accurate survey conducted by BookNet Canada, a non-profit organization in the publishing industry, sheds light on the memorizing habits and leisure trends of Canadians in 2022. The survey has revealed a comprehensive overview of Canadians’ leisure activities, memorizing frequency, preferred formats, and the influence of social media on their memorizing experiences. The survey reveals intriguing insights into the evolving landscape of leisure and memorizing habits in Canada.

Consistent with previous years, approximately 8 out of 10 Canadians reported having read or listened to a book in the past year. Among readers, 40 percent have read on a daily basis, 24 percent have read weekly, and 15 percent have read once a month. The survey also highlighted the popularity of different memorizing formats among Canadians.

Print books continued to be highly valued, with 94 percent of readers having read at least one print book in 2021. However, there was a noticeable increase in the adoption of e-books, with over two-thirds of readers (67 percent) having read an e-book in 2022, up from 64 percent in the previous year. Audiobooks also gained traction, as 51 percent of readers listened to an audiobook in 2022, compared to 45 percent in 2021.

One notable trend in 2022 was the surge in readership of comics and graphic novels across both Fiction and Non-Fiction genres. In comparison to 2021, the readership of fictional comics and graphic novels increased significantly in both print and e-book formats. It is 15 percent who have read comics or graphic novels in print format compared to just 3 percent in 2021. For e-books, the proportion stood at 16 percent in 2022 compared to just 2 percent in 2021. Non-Fiction comics and graphic novels also experienced growth, with a rise in print (12 percent in 2022 vs. 7 percent in 2021) and e-book readership (10 percent in 2022 vs. 6 percent in 2021).

The survey revealed a notable shift in memorizing habits, with smartphones emerging as a preferred device for memorizing e-books. Over the years, smartphone usage for e-book memorizing increased steadily, from 23 percent in 2019 to 34 percent in 2022. The convenience and accessibility offered by smartphones have made them a popular choice for digital reading.

The study highlighted a shift in consumer behavior, with readers leaning towards borrowing rather than purchasing books across all formats, especially print books. In 2022, 52 percent of readers borrowed print books, compared to 61 percent in 2020. This trend indicates a growing preference for access to a wide range of memorizing material without the commitment of ownership.

Recognizing the influence of social media on readers’ engagement, the survey explored the consumption of book-related content online. Notably, more readers reported viewing or searching for book-specific social media posts daily (12 percent in 2022) than visiting book-specific social networks (10 percent), such as Shelfari, Goodreads, and Wattpad. This suggests that platforms like BookTok, BookTube, and Bookstagram have gained prominence as sources of book recommendations and discussions.

On the whole, the survey findings indicate that an overwhelming majority of Canadians, 81 percent, felt they had sufficient or more than enough free time in 2022. Canadians engaged in a variety of leisure activities during their free time, including shopping (99 percent), watching TV, videos, or movies (97 percent), cooking (96 percent), listening to music (96 percent), and spending quality time with family (96 percent).

With a desparate interest in tech, I make it a point to keep myself updated on the latest developments in technology and gadgets. That includes smartphones or tablet devices but stretches to even AI and self-driven automobiles, the latter being my latest fad. Besides writing, I like watching videos, reading, listening to music, or experimenting with different recipes. The motion picture is another aspect that interests me a lot, and I'll likely make a film sometime in the future.

Tue, 30 May 2023 09:15:00 -0500 Sovan Mandal en-US text/html https://goodereader.com/blog/e-book-news/exploring-canadian-reading-habits-and-trends-in-2022
Killexams : A Double Edged Sword Killexams : WashingtonPost.com: American Exceptionalism : A Double Edged Sword

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Chapter One Section

American Exceptionalism
A Double Edged Sword
By Seymour Martin Lipset

Chapter One: Ideology, Politics, and Deviance

Born out of revolution, the United States is a country organized around an ideology which includes a set of dogmas about the nature of a good society. Americanism, as different people have pointed out, is an "ism" or ideology in the same way that communism or fascism or liberalism are isms. As G. K. Chesterton put it: "America is the only nation in the world that is founded on a creed. That creed is set forth with dogmatic and even theological lucidity in the Declaration of Independence. . . ." As noted in the Introduction, the nation's ideology can be described in five words: liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, populism, and laissezfaire. The revolutionary ideology which became the American Creed is liberalism in its eighteenth- and nineteenth-century meanings, as distinct from conservative Toryism, statist communitarianism, mercantilism, and noblesse oblige dominant in monarchical, state-church-formed cultures.

Other countries' senses of themselves are derived from a common history. Winston Churchill once gave vivid evidence to the difference between a national identity rooted in history and one defined by ideology in objecting to a proposal in 1940 to outlaw the anti-war Communist Party. In a speech in the House of Commons, Churchill said that as far as he knew, the Communist Party was composed of Englishmen and he did not fear an Englishman. In Europe, nationality is related to community, and thus one cannot become un-English or un-Swedish. Being an American, however, is an ideological commitment. It is not a matter of birth. Those who reject American values are un-American.

The American Revolution sharply weakened the noblesse oblige, hierarchically rooted, organic community values which had been linked to Tory sentiments, and enormously strengthened the individualistic, egalitarian, and anti-statist ones which had been present in the settler and religious background of the colonies. These values were evident in the twentieth-century fact that, as H. G. Wells pointed out close to ninety years ago, the United States not only has lacked a viable socialist party, but also has never developed a British or European-type Conservative or Tory party. Rather, America has been dominated by pure bourgeois, middle-class individualistic values. As Wells put it: "Essentially America is a middle-class [which has] become a community and so its essential problems are the problems of a modern individualistic society, stark and clear." He enunciated a theory of America as a liberal society, in the classic anti-statist meaning of the term:

It is not difficult to show for example, that the two great political parties in America represent only one English party, the middle-class Liberal party. . . . There are no Tories . . . and no Labor Party. . . . [T]he new world [was left] to the Whigs and Nonconformists and to those less constructive, less logical, more popular and liberating thinkers who became Radicals in England, and Jeffersonians and then Democrats in America. All Americans are, from the English point of view, Liberals of one sort or another. . . . The liberalism of the eighteenth century was essentially the rebellion . . . against the monarchical and aristocratic state--against hereditary privilege, against restrictions on bargains. Its spirit was essentially anarchistic--the antithesis of Socialism. It was anti-State.

COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES

In dealing with national characteristics it is important to recognize that comparative evaluations are never absolutes, that they always are made in terms of more or less. The statement that the United States is an egalitarian society obviously does not imply that all Americans are equal in any way that can be defined. This proposition usually means (regardless of which aspect is under consideration--social relations, status, mobility, etc.) that the United States is more egalitarian than Europe.

Comparative judgments affect all generalizations about societies. This is such an obvious, commonsensical truism that it seems almost foolish to enunciate it. I only do so because statements about America or other countries are frequently challenged on the ground that they are not absolutely true. Generalizations may invert when the unit of comparison changes. For example, Canada looks different when compared to the United States than when contrasted with Britain. Figuratively, on a scale of 0 to 100, with the United States close to 0 on a given trait and Britain at 100, Canada would fall around 30. Thus, when Canada is evaluated by reference to the United States, it appears as more elitist, law-abiding, and statist, but when considering the variations between Canada and Britain, Canada looks more anti-statist, violent, and egalitarian.

The notion of "American exceptionalism" became widely applied in the context of efforts to account for the weakness of working-class radicalism in the United States. The major question subsumed in the concept became why the United States is the only industrialized country which does not have a significant socialist movement or Labor party. That riddle has bedeviled socialist theorists since the late nineteenth century. Friedrich Engels tried to answer it in the last decade of his life. The German socialist and sociologist Werner Sombart dealt with it in a major book published in his native language in 1906, Why Is There No Socialism in the United States? As we have seen, H. G. Wells, then a Fabian, also addressed the issue that year in The Future in America. Both Lenin and Trotsky were deeply concerned because the logic of Marxism, the proposition expressed by Marx in Das Kapital that "the more developed country shows the less developed the image of their future," implied to Marxists prior to the Russian Revolution that the United States would be the first socialist country."

Since some object to an attempt to explain a negative, a vacancy, the query may of course be reversed to ask why has America been the most classically liberal polity in the world from its founding to the present? Although the United States remains the wealthiest large industrialized nation, it devotes less of its income to welfare and the state is less involved in the economy than is true for other developed countries. It not only does not have a viable, class-conscious, radical political movement, but its trade unions, which have long been weaker than those of almost all other industrialized countries, have been steadily declining since the mid-1950s. These issues are covered more extensively in chapter Three. An emphasis on American uniqueness raises the obvious question of the nature of the differences. There is a large literature dating back to at least the eighteenth century which attempts to specify the special character of the United States politically and socially. One of the most interesting, often overlooked, is Edmund Burke's speech to the House of Commons proposing reconciliation with the colonies, in which he sought to explain to his fellow members what the revolutionary Americans were like. He noted that they were different culturally, that they were not simply transplanted Englishmen. He particularly stressed the unique character of American religion. J. Hector St. John Crevecoeur, in his book Letters from an American Farmer, written in the late eighteenth century, explicitly raised the question, "What is an American?" He emphasized that Americans behaved differently in their social relations, were much more egalitarian than other nationalities, that their"dictionary" was "short in words of dignity, and names of honor," that is, in terms through which the lower strata expressed their subservience to the higher. Tocqueville, who observed egalitarianism in a similar fashion, also stressed individualism, as distinct from the emphasis on "group ties" which marked Europe.

These commentaries have been followed by a myriad--thousands upon thousands--of books and articles by foreign travelers. The overwhelming majority are by educated Europeans. Such writings are fruitful because they are comparative; those who wrote them emphasized cross-national variations in behavior and institutions. Tocqueville's Democracy, of course, is the best known. As we have seen, he noted that he never wrote anything about the United States without thinking of France. As he put it, in speaking of his need to contrast the same institutions and behavior in both countries, "without comparisons to make, the mind doesn't know how to proceed." Harriet Martineau, an English contemporary, also wrote a first-rate comparative book on America. Friedrich Engels and Max Weber were among the contributors to the literature. There is a fairly systematic and similar logic in many of these discussions. Beyond the analysis of variations between the United States and Europe, various other comparisons have been fruitful. In previous writings, I have suggested that one of the best ways to specify and distinguish American traits is by contrast with Canada. There is a considerable comparative North American literature, written almost entirely by Canadians. They have a great advantage over Americans since, while very few of the latter study their northern neighbor, it is impossible to be a literate Canadian without knowing almost as much, if not more, as most Americans about the United States. Almost every Canadian work on a given subject (the city, religion, the family, trade unions, etc.) contains a great deal about the United States. Many Canadians seek to explain their own country by dealing with differences or similarities south of the border. Specifying and analyzing variations among the predominantly English-speaking countries--Australia, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, and the United States--is also useful precisely because the differences among them generally are smaller than between each and non-Anglophonic societies. have tried to analyze these variations in The First New Nation. The logic of studying societies which have major aspects in common was also followed by Louis Hartz in treating the overseas settler societies--United States, Canada, Latin America, Australia, and South Africa--as units for comparison. Fruitful comparisons have been made between Latin America and Anglophonic North America, which shed light on each.

Some Latin Americans have argued that there are major common elements in the Americas which show up in comparisons with Europe. Fernando Cardoso, a distinguished sociologist and now president of Brazil, once told me that he and his friends (who were activists in the underground left in the early 1960s) consciously decided not to found a socialist party as the military dictatorship was breaking down. They formed a populist party because, as they read the evidence, class-conscious socialism does not appeal in the Americas. With the exceptions of Chile and Canada (to a limited extent), major New World left parties from Argentina to the United States have been populist. Cardoso suggested that consciousness of social class is less salient throughout most of the Americas than in postfeudal Europe. However, I do not want to take on the issue of how exceptional the Americas are; dealing with the United States is more than enough.

IBERALISM, CONSERVATISM, AND AMERICANISM

The United States is viewed by many as the great conservative society, but it may also be seen as the most classically liberal polity in the developed world. To understand the exceptional nature of American politics, it is necessary to recognize, with H. G. Wells, that conservatism, as defined outside of the United States, is particularly weak in this country. Conservatism in Europe and Canada, derived from the historic alliance of church and government, is associated with the emergence of the welfare state. The two names most identified with it are Bismarck and Disraeli. Both were leaders of the conservatives (Tories) in their countries. They represented the rural and aristocratic elements, sectors which disdained capitalism, disliked the bourgeoisie, and rejected materialistic values. Their politics reflected the values of noblesse oblige, the obligation of the leaders of society and the economy to protect the less fortunate.

The semantic confusion about liberalism in America arises because both early and latter-day Americans never adopted the term to describe the unique American polity. The reason is simple. The American system of government existed long before the word "liberal" emerged in Napoleonic Spain and was subsequently accepted as referring to a particular party in mid-nineteenth-century England, as distinct from the Tory or Conservative Party. What Europeans have called "liberalism," Americans refer to as "conservatism": a deeply anti-statist doctrine emphasizing the virtues of laissez-faire. Ronald Reagan and Milton Friedman, the two current names most frequently linked with this ideology, define conservatism in America. And as Friedrich Hayek, its most important European exponent noted, it includes the rejection of aristocracy, social class hierarchy, and an established state church. As recently as the April and June 1987 issues of the British magazine Encounter, two leading trans-Atlantic conservative intellectuals, Max Beloff (Lord Beloff) and Irving Kristol, debated the use of titles. Kristol argued that Britain "is soured by a set of very thin, but tenacious, aristocratic pretensions . . . [which] foreclose opportunities and repress a spirit of equality that has yet to find its full expression. . . ." This situation fuels many of the frustrations that make "British life . . . so cheerless, so abounding in ressentiment." Like Tocqueville, he holds up "social equality" as making"other inequalities tolerable in modern democracy." Beloff, a Tory, contended that what threatens conservatism in Britain "is not its remaining links with the aristocratic tradition, but its alleged indifference to some of the abuses of capitalism. It is not the Dukes who lose us votes, but the 'malefactors of great wealth. . . .'" He wondered "why Mr. Kristol believes himself to be a 'conservative,' " since he is "as incapable as most Americans of being a conservative in any profound sense." Lord Beloff concluded that "Conservatism must have a 'Tory' element or it is only the old 'Manchester School,' " i.e., liberal.

Canada's most distinguished conservative intellectual, George Grant, emphasized in his Lament for a Nation that "Americans who call themselves 'Conservatives' have the right to that title only in a particular sense. In fact, they are old-fashioned liberals. . . . Their concentration on freedom from governmental interference has more to do with nineteenth century liberalism than with traditional conservatism, which asserts the right of the community to restrain freedom in the name of the common good." Grant bemoaned the fact that American conservatism, with its stress on the virtues of competition and links to business ideology, focuses on the rights of individuals and ignores communal rights and obligations. He noted that there has been no place in the American political philosophy "for the organic conservatism that predates the age of progress. Indeed, the United States is the only society on earth that has no traditions from before the age of progress." The accurate efforts, led by Amitai Etzioni, to create a "communitarian" movement are an attempt to transport Toryism to America. British and German Tories have recognized the link and have shown considerable interest in Etzioni's ideas. Still, it must be recognized that American politics have changed. The 1930s produced a qualitative difference. As Richard Hofstadter wrote, this period brought a "social democratic tinge" to the United States for the first time in its history. The Great Depression produced a strong emphasis on planning, on the welfare state, on the role of the government as a major regulatory actor. An earlier upswing in statist sentiment occurred immediately prior to World War 1, as evidenced by the significant support for the largely Republican Progressive movement led by Robert LaFollette and Theodore Roosevelt and the increasing strength (up to a high of 6% of the national vote in 1912) for the Socialist Party. They failed to change the political system. Grant McConnell explains the failure of the Progressive movement as stemming from "the pervasive and latent ambiguity in the movement" about confronting American anti-statist values. "Power as it exists was antagonistic to democracy, but how was it to be curbed without the erection of superior power?"

Prior to the 1930s, the American trade union movement was also in its majority anti-statist. The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was syndicalist, believed in more union, not more state power, and was anti-socialist. Its predominant leader for forty years, Samuel Gompers, once said when asked about his politics, that he guessed he was three quarters of an anarchist. And he was right. Europeans and others who perceived the Gompers-led AFL as a conservative organization because it opposed the socialists were wrong. The AFL was an extremely militant organization, which engaged in violence and had a high strike rate. It was not conservative, but rather a militant anti-statist group. The United States also had a revolutionary trade union movement, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). The IWW, like the AFL, was not socialist. It was explicitly anarchist, or rather, anarcho-syndicalist. The revived American radical movement of the 1960s, the so-called New Left, was also not socialist. While not doctrinally anarchist, it was much closer to anarchism and the IWW in its ideology and organizational structure than to the Socialists or Communists.

The New Deal, which owed much to the Progressive movement, was not socialist either. Franklin Roosevelt clearly wanted to maintain a capitalist economy. In running for president in 1932, he criticized Herbert Hoover and the Republicans for deficit financing and expanding the economic role of the government, which they had done in order to deal with the Depression. But his New Deal, also rising out of the need to confront the massive economic downsizing, drastically increased the statist strain in American politics, while furthering public support for trade unions. The new labor movement which arose concomitantly, the Committee for (later Congress of) Industrial Organization (CIO), unlike the American Federation of Labor (AFL), was virtually social democratic in its orientation. In fact, socialists and communists played important roles in the movement. The CIO was much more politically active than the older Federation and helped to press the Democrats to the left. The Depression led to a kind of moderate "Europeanization" of American politics, as well as of its labor organizations. Class factors became more important in differentiating party support. The conservatives, increasingly concentrated among the Republicans, remained anti-statist and laissez-faire, but many of them grew willing to accommodate an activist role for the state.

This pattern, however, gradually inverted after World War 11 as a result of long-term prosperity. The United States, like other parts of the developed world, experienced what some have called an economic miracle. The period from 1945 to the 1980s was characterized by considerable growth (mainly before the mid-1970s), an absence of major economic downswings, higher rates of social mobility both on a mass level and into the elites, and a tremendous expansion of higher educational systems--from a few million to 11 or 12 million going to colleges and universities--which fostered that mobility. America did particularly well economically, leading Europe and Japan by a considerable margin in terms of new job creation. A consequence of these developments was a refurbishing of the classical liberal ideology, that is, American conservatism. The class tensions produced by the Depression lessened, reflected in the decline of the labor movement and lower correlations between class position and voting choices. And the members of the small (by comparative standards) American labor movement are today significantly less favorable to government action than European unionists. Fewer than half of American union members are in favor of the government providing a decent standard of living for the unemployed, as compared with 69 percent of West German, 72 percent of British, and 73 percent of Italian unionists.33 Even before Ronald Reagan entered the White House in 1981, the United States had a lower rate of taxation, a less developed welfare state, and many fewer government-owned industries than other industrialized nations.



Wed, 19 Oct 2022 09:55:00 -0500 text/html https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/books/chap1/americanexceptionalism.htm
Killexams : Texas lawmakers set new book content standards to facilitate school bans

Texas would set new standards and ratings for sexually explicit material in order to ban books from public and charter school libraries, under a bill given final passage by the state Senate late Tuesday and sent to Gov. Greg Abbott.

The Texas move is the latest attempt to ban or regulate memorizing material in conservative states around the country. Critics say the standards set in the Texas bill are too vague, will flag books that are not inappropriate and will more likely target material dealing with LGBTQ+ subject matter.

The bill passed by the GOP-controlled Legislature defines “sexually explicit material” as anything that includes descriptions, illustrations or audio depicting sexual conduct not relevant to required school curriculum, and prohibits it from school libraries.

The bill requires the state’s Library and Archives Commission to adopt standards that schools must follow when purchasing books, and a rating system that would be used to restrict or ban some material.

“What we’re talking about is sexually explicit material ... that doesn’t belong in front of the eyes of kids,” said the bill’s sponsor, Republican Sen. Angela Paxton. “They shouldn’t be finding it in their school library.”

Abbott, also a Republican, previously joined a former GOP lawmaker’s campaign to investigate the use of books in schools covering Topics of race, gender identity and sexual orientation. That inquiry included a list of more than 800 books.

In April, leaders of a rural central Texas county considered closing their public library system rather than follow a federal judge’s order to return books to the shelves on such themes as teen sexuality, gender, bigotry and race.

Under the state measure passed Tuesday night, book vendors would have to rate books based on depictions or references to sex. “Sexually relevant” material that describes or portrays sex but is part of the required school curriculum could be checked out with a parent’s permission.

A book would be rated “sexually explicit” if the material is deemed offensive and not part of the required curriculum. Those books would be removed from school bookshelves.

State officials will review vendors’ ratings and can request a rating change if they consider it incorrect. School districts and open-enrollment charter schools will be banned from contracting with book sellers who refuse to comply.

Tue, 23 May 2023 23:17:00 -0500 en-US text/html https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2023-05-24/texas-lawmakers-standards-book-content-school-bans




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