300-635 Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUTO) test format | http://babelouedstory.com/
Sun, 27 Dec 2015 21:39:00 -0600text/htmlhttps://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/unbound/wordpolice/sample.htm Cisco needs to simplify. Here’s how.

With a nearly $60 billion revenue run rate, growing at 14% and throwing off more than $5 billion in operating cash last quarter, Cisco Systems Inc. has an awesome business.

But customers are vocal about the complexity of Cisco’s portfolio and, if their concerns are not addressed head on, the company risks encountering friction beyond just economic headwinds. We believe Cisco’s challenges are most decidedly not product breadth and depth. Rather, the company’s mandate is to integrate the piece parts of its intricate offerings to create more facile and seamless experiences for customers.

In this Breaking Analysis and ahead of Cisco Live in Las Vegas June 4-8, we dig deeper into Cisco’s business and double-click on three key areas of its portfolio: 1) security; 2) networking; and 3) observability. We have spending data from Enterprise Technology Research and a guest appearance from SiliconANGLE contributor and market watcher Zeus Kerravala, principal at ZK Research.

Stocks of pure-play competitors outperforming Cisco year-to-date

Let’s start by doing some stock market comparisons.

The chart above shows year-to-date comparisons among Cisco, Palo Alto Networks Inc., Arista Networks Inc., Extreme Networks Inc. and the Nasdaq Composite. As you can see, the pure plays, as well as the NAS, are outperforming Cisco by a wide margin. That’s despite Cisco’s double-digit growth last quarter, 65% growth margins and a $200 billion market cap.

The reason is Chief Executive Chuck Robbins set modest expectations for 2024, which, when modeled out relative to Cisco’s longer-term outlook, suggest slowing momentum in the near- to mid-term. In addition, we believe the breadth of Cisco’s portfolio, while a key strength, also creates adoption challenges for the company’s customers.

What follows is a summary of how Kerravala interprets this data.

Kerravala sees this as a nuanced comparison between Cisco, a behemoth with an impressive cash generation capability, and smaller companies such as Arista and Extreme. Despite acknowledging the somewhat fair comparison, he suggests that Cisco is handicapped because smaller entities may capture the benefits of a market trend more swiftly, Cisco’s broad scope often hampers its ability to do so. But Cisco throws off more operating cash in a quarter than these companies generate in annual revenue.

He used the example of Zoom Video Communications Inc. and RingCentral Inc., noting how Cisco’s performance paled in comparison two years ago, but the tide has turned since then, with the unified communications sector waning, but Cisco thriving in relative terms.

Kerravala believes Cisco’s breadth and stability make it a safe investment bet, but its size prevents it from realizing the rapid growth that smaller, more specialized companies can. The broad spectrum of markets that Cisco operates in implies a reduced likelihood of success across all these fronts simultaneously.

Watch Zeus Kerravala comment on the comparisons between Cisco and the pure plays.

Cisco’s complex business remains anchored in core networking

The table below represents the contribution of Cisco’s lines of business as reported in its financials. As we said at the top, 14% revenue growth is pretty astounding for a company of Cisco’s size. With tough comps ahead, it’s unlikely Cisco can keep up this pace.

Networking makes up more than half of Cisco’s revenue, but the company is growing its software contribution, which is just under 30% today, and its annual recurring revenue accounts for more than 40% of revenue, which gives the company better visibility on the future. This all helps prop up Cisco’s alluring 65%-plus gross margin model, which unlike many of its large incumbent competitors has held up well over decades. Moreover, Cisco’s shift to a recurring revenue and subscription model has been executed quite well compared with many firms (some much smaller, such as Splunk Inc.), which have struggled with that transition.

To break this down further, examining Cisco’s 10-K provides the following added context:

Secure, Agile Networks comprise core networking, switching, routing, wireless and compute. This includes products such as Catalyst, Nexus, Meraki and Cisco’s software-defined wide-area network products.

Internet for the Future includes optical networking, 5G, in-house silicon and optics solutions. This includes products such as the Cisco 8000, NCS 5500 and ASR 9000 series.

Collaboration includes Webex and call center solutions.

End-to-End Security comprises network security, cloud security, endpoint, threat management and zero-trust solutions.

Optimized Application Experiences includes AppDynamics, ThousandEyes and Intersight.

Here are Kerravala’s thoughts on Cisco’s portfolio, the challenges they face and what’s needed going forward:

Historically, the IT ecosystem generally has been challenged to create interoperability and cross-platform optimization. Despite its wide array of excellent products, Cisco is an example of a company taking on this challenge. One can point to EMC as a company that was crushed under the weight of its complexity and was forced to sell. IBM deals with its complexity by overlaying a massive service organization on top of its products. Nonetheless, we believe Cisco has an opportunity to address this industry problem head on.

For context, Cisco in the 1990’s and beyond experienced tremendous growth, much of it through acquisitions. This created an integration challenge for CEO Chuck Robbins. Relatively early in his tenure, Robbins’ moved to reorganize the executive leadership team to address internal friction and it’s beginning to have a visible impact. As an example, Kerravala cites the appointment of General Manager Todd Nightingale as affecting the unification of the Meraki and Catalyst lines, contributing to simpler execution. Specifically, last year, Cisco enabled customers to view Catalyst devices on the Meraki dashboard. While this took the better part of a decade after the Meraki acquisition, it’s evidence that Robbins is steering the ship in the right direction.

But there’s more work to do. Within Cisco’s own ecosystem, products such as Webex, Meraki and Catalyst have not historically provided a significantly better experience on Cisco’s network than competing products. But that is starting to change under Robbins. Another example of opportunity to watch is Cisco’s portfolio of products such as Kenna, AnyConnect, Talos, Meraki and Catalyst. Today, these do not yet coalesce to form a comprehensive Cisco platform story but we expect that to change in the near term.

In addition, pay attention to the consolidation of mass scale, Internet for the Future, and Secure Agile Networks under Jonathan Davidson, which should lead to better interoperability between the telecom and enterprise sides.

Security under Jeetu Patel is another proof point. For example, the announcement of the XDR solution at the accurate RSA Conference is Cisco’s first cross-security solution. Security presents a massive opportunity for the industry to simplify and for Cisco to lead.

The main takeaway is Kerravala posits that Cisco’s focus should be on creating a synergistic portfolio where the collective value exceeds the sum of the parts, as opposed to having to compete fiercely on a product-by-product basis. This he believes will be a sustainable advantage for Cisco.

Watch Zeus Kerravala unpack Cisco’s vast portfolio and how they can simplify.

Spending data underscores the macroeconomic impact on Cisco’s overall business

The ETR spending data for Cisco, at a high level, shows what virtually all tech companies are facing: a decrease in the percentage of customers that are spending more relative to last year.

The candlestick chart above shows the granularity of Net Score, ETR’s proprietary spending metric that measures customer spending patterns. Of the 1,700 information technology decision makers in the most accurate ETR survey, more than 1,000 are Cisco customers – so we have a nice sample. The lime green is the percentage of those customers adding Cisco new, the forest green represents those spending 6% or more relative to last year, the gray is flat spend, the pink is spending down 6% or worse and the bright red is churn. Subtract red from green and you get Net Score, which is the blue line.

You can see the steadily declining trajectory because of the gray and the reds increasing. The brown line is the pervasiveness in the overall data set, which has actually held up well. Cisco has a massive installed base and it is stable, although more customers are leaving than are being added within this survey. Remember, this survey doesn’t measure spending amount, only the percentage of customers in each bucket.

We asked Kerravala if this accurately reflects his view of the market and is the deceleration a function of economic headwinds, complexity or both? What follows is a list of his key takeaways:

  • The competitive dynamics in the networking industry have significantly shifted, with Cisco now facing more formidable rivals such as Arista, Fortinet Inc., VMware Inc. and Extreme Networks.
  • The entry of cloud companies and Aruba into the networking market introduces additional competitive pressures.
  • These industry changes necessitate sharper sales execution from Cisco, as it can no longer rely on competitors’ missteps to retain its advantage.
  • In light of this more complex competitive landscape, Cisco’s strategy must evolve to distinguish itself effectively and maintain its leading position.

I do think a lot of what you’re looking at there is more credible vendors are in market and that has forced sharper sales execution than it did before. In the old days, Cisco could just show up and be assured that its competitors would mis-execute. That luxury is no longer in play.

Watch Zeus Kerravala comment on Cisco’s spending momentum data in the ETR survey and the changing nature of the competitive dynamics.

Cisco’s center of gravity starts with core networking

Let’s drill into the segment data, starting with networks.

The chart above shows Net Score or spending velocity on the vertical axis and pervasiveness in the data set on the horizontal axis. The red dotted line at 40% indicates a highly elevated Net Score. We’ve highlighted Cisco overall and Meraki, a company Cisco bought in 2012 to help better control network devices.

As is evident, Cisco stands out as the clear leader here in both presence (X axis) with very respectable customer spending velocity on its products (Y axis). In fact, we saw earlier a 29% year-on-year revenue growth figure from last quarter in networking. That is amazing for such a large business. As Cisco works through its backlog, it creates uncertainty in the forecasts, but underlying demand for Cisco’s networking products is sound.

As well, you can see a number of other companies here, including Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co.’s Aruba, Arista, VMware with NSX and a number of others, including Cloudflare Inc., which all are hovering near the elevated 40% line.

Kerravala laid out his thoughts as follows:

He is somewhat critical of Cisco’s approach to its Meraki and Catalyst product lines, not on the merit of their features and value but on the lines between them. He asserts that customers should not have to choose between them. He suggests a unified hardware line that offers customers the flexibility to manage it either through Meraki or the command-line interface, or CLI. Currently, a switch from Meraki to Catalyst necessitates a complete hardware overhaul, a problem that could be resolved by a common set of hardware compatible with both management methods.

Further, Kerravala notes that Cisco’s potential to integrate data center, campus and Wi-Fi certifications to Boost the user experience has yet to be fully realized. While some integration has occurred at the campus level, the data center side remains separate. He concludes that networks should deliver applications and experiences as a single, unified entity instead of being sold as separate silos, an approach that contributes to unnecessary complexity.

His key analysis points include:

  • He believes Cisco should offer a unified hardware line for customers, which could be managed either through Meraki or CLI, mitigating the need for a hardware overhaul when switching between the two.
  • By integrating data center, campus, and Wi-Fi certifications, Cisco could enhance the overall user experience.
  • The current siloed approach to network products adds unnecessary complexity, which, while non-trivial, will be addressed by treating the network as a single, unified entity focused on delivering applications and experiences.

Watch Zeus break down the Cisco’s networking challenges and thoughts on how it can simplify.

Security is perhaps Cisco’s best upside opportunity

Let’s shift gears and look into the all-important and exceedingly crowded security sector.

Above we show the ETR spending data in the security market – same dimensions – Net Score on Y and Pervasion on the X. Microsoft Corp. is in the upper right and skews the data, but you can see Cisco has a major presence. As do Palo Alto Networks and Splunk. All credible on the vertical axis.

The leaders in presence are below the 40% line, but that’s expected for such large companies. The squiggly line represents Cisco’s path over the past 10 quarters. There is no debate that the company is very strong in security, but we believe it needs to do a better job consolidating the piece parts and simplifying customer outcomes.

Note that Cisco doesn’t have the spending velocity of the pure plays such as CrowdStrike Holdings Inc., Okta Inc., Zscaler Inc., CyberArk Software Ltd. and SailPoint Technologies Inc. — or even Cloudflare – but its Net Score is respectable. Cisco also just purchased Armorblox Inc., which uses artificial intelligence to reduce email and other risks.

In many ways we think Cisco could be a leader in the security supercloud, bridging on-premises, multiple clouds and edge security experiences.

The following summarizes Keravala’s thoughts:

Kerravala acknowledges Cisco’s success in the security sector, citing notable products such as Kenna, Talos, Umbrella, Duo and AnyConnect. However, he identifies a critical missing element: a more coherent Cisco security narrative. The fact that these products are still referred to individually underscores this problem.

According to Kerravala, the future of security is shifting toward platform-based solutions, moving away from signature-based systems to AI- and analytics-based models. Given Cisco’s broad network reach, the company should possess an unequalled advantage in security, having the ability to detect things that others can’t. Nevertheless, Cisco still needs to integrate its products and offerings better, a process that began with the XDR announcement at the RSA Conference and we believe will continue.

Key takeaways:

  • Cisco has a range of high-quality security products but lacks a unified security narrative.
  • The future of security is shifting toward platform-based solutions, underpinned by AI and analytics.
  • Despite their extensive network reach providing a potential competitive advantage, Cisco is expected to continue to Boost integration between their various offerings.
  • The announcement of the XDR solution at RSA was a positive step towards a more unified platform approach, and further advancements are anticipated at Cisco Live.

In many ways Cisco has been successful in security despite industry complexity and its own complex structure.

Zeus Kerravala

Kerravala claims Cisco has succeeded in cybersecurity despite itself but has a great opportunity if it can address some of the stovepipe challenges.

The emerging observability opportunity

Let’s now dig into observability, which is sort of the confluence of log analytics, application performance management, monitoring and related fields. Cisco has a major stake in this business through its acquisitions of AppDynamics and ThousandEyes.

Before we look at the spending data, here’s what one customer said in an ETR roundtable about this topic:

This is a head of engineering… a customer who says I’m sticking with AppD. This person references the value of the ThousandEyes acquisition along with AppD and security. The application-centricity is an attractive dynamic to this Cisco shop. SecureX is Cisco’s integrated security play, which admittedly needs more and better integration. But basically in the second quote this person calls out the attractiveness and value of a single platform. If you’re a Cisco shop. And if not it’s a “free game” – perhaps implying a free-for-all of complexity.

AppD perhaps presents the biggest opportunity for Cisco since they’ve acquired it. I really expect AppDynamics to become the tip-of-the-arrow sale for Cisco… and I would like to see AppD become a lead sales tool across Cisco’s portfolio. I think it must (and will) happen -Zeus Kerravala

Key takeaways from Kerravala’s commentary on this topic:

  • He has high praise for ThousandEyes and AppDynamics and their adaptation into Cisco’s product portfolio. He particularly appreciates the internet performance visibility that ThousandEyes provides, which is especially critical in today’s corporate world where the internet is heavily relied upon for operations.
  • However, he feels Cisco has even more opportunities to use AppDynamics to increase its full potential. AppD’s ability to provide insights into application performance which can inform network upgrade decisions is powerful.
  • Kerravala sees accurate improvements in Cisco’s understanding of how to effectively use AppDynamics, partly thanks to Liz Centoni’s oversight of emerging tech. He cites the introduction of “business risk observability” at Cisco Live EU as a positive development in this regard. This tool allows the mapping of threat data to application environments, which aids in prioritizing network and security initiatives by potential impact.
  • With AppDynamics, initiatives can now be ranked by business value, thus simplifying the sales model. It shifts the discussion from technical specifics to business metrics, helping communicate the business performance improvements that network upgrades can bring about.

Watch Kerravala’s commentary on Cisco’s observability play with ThousandEyes & AppD.

Comparing key observability players’ spending profiles

Let’s get into the ETR data. ETR doesn’t have a full-stack observability category, but through this next view below we’re able to bring in various companies that are hovering around the space to see their relative positions.

It’s a similar chart above where we show Net Score against pervasiveness in the data. And we’ve plotted Splunk, Datadog Inc., Elastic N.V., Grafana Labs, Dynatrace Inc. and New Relic Inc.. You can see AppDynamics, which Cisco bought in 2017 for almost $4 billion. And it introduced Intersight shortly thereafter as a visualization and orchestration tool. But there were still holes in the portfolio as the market moved to full-stack observability, so Cisco bought ThousandEyes during the COVID pandemic for about $1 billion. Then it sort of strung them together with an overlay, but the story is not over.

Cisco has an opportunity to really take these pieces and integrate them across the portfolio in a potentially game-changing way. At least in the manner that one customer described earlier – especially for Cisco shops.

Kerravala’s primary argument is that the industry needs to to deliver on the vision of full-stack observability. Cisco has an opportunity to lead by streamlining its many panes-of-glass solutions into a unified, intuitive dashboard. The diverse range of visibility tools it currently offers could be more effectively utilized if they were integrated into one comprehensive system, with AppD serving as the principal lens. Operational specifics could then be accessed through drill-down features, allowing for a more organized and efficient user experience. This could be game-changing for Cisco.

Kerravala’s key takeaways on observability:

  • Cisco must make good on its promise of full-stack observability.
  • The current multitude of Cisco’s single-pane-of-glass solutions should be streamlined into a unified dashboard.
  • AppD should be the main view, with the ability to drill down into the other specific tools.
  • He recognizes that Cisco already has all the necessary components; the challenge lies in integrating them into a cohesive system.

Kerravala comments on Cisco’s many panes of glass.

What to watch at Cisco Live 2023

Kerravala just published a “Know before you go” post on SiliconANGLE, outlining his thoughts on what to expect at Cisco Live. Let’s review that and what we’ll be looking for next week.

Whither AI for Cisco?

A key question is how Cisco will handle AI. These days, brands run the risk AI washing, but if you bury the AI lede, you look less relevant. In our view, Cisco at the very least has to use AI to make Cisco infrastructure run better and more secure through automation and better management.

Here’s a summary of key points from our conversation with Zeus on what to expect from Cisco Live in terms of AI:

  • We don’t expect Cisco to brand itself as an AI company like Nvidia Corp. or even IBM Corp.’s attempts to do so. Instead, AI will remain an integral part of their overall toolkit used to build their products.
  • AI has been part of Cisco’s portfolio for a while. It underpins products such as intent-based networking and Encrypted Traffic Analytics, which uses AI to detect malware in encrypted traffic.
  • The company’s collaboration portfolio is also AI-rich, but it is considered more of an operational tool rather than a product that’s sold separately.
  • AI might be highlighted more during keynotes due to current hype, but it’s not the company’s primary focus.
  • The use of AI, such as a ChatGPT-like interface, could be beneficial for Cisco’s operations, like using Webex to find information or for network operations to identify areas in need of upgrades. This would essentially make their portfolio more user-friendly.
  • Natural language processing can simplify interfaces, relieving the load from high-level engineers and delegating tasks to tier one or two support.

The security opportunity calls for Cisco

We’ll be watching the security space closely. We believe it’s a mandate that Cisco integrate its vast portfolio across on-prem, all the major clouds and out to the edge. Palo Alto Networks has the leg up on consolidation in our opinion, but Cisco has such a major presence that it can do very well in this area, coming at the problem its strength in networking.

Here’s a summary of what we think Cisco needs to do in security and what we’ll hear at Cisco Live:

  • Security is important because it offers the most substantial growth potential for Cisco, as it is a single-digit player in a market projected to be worth $75 billion-plus.
  • Even a slight increase in market share, such as reaching 10%, would greatly boost Cisco’s revenue.
  • The long-term vision is to have Cisco’s security share match its network share, and to have Cisco network and Cisco security working together for improved risk identification and resolution.
  • We hope to see more integration of Cisco’s cloud security products to create a more unified and user-friendly experience.
  • The security industry often makes the user the integration point, which can lead to confusion and inefficiency. This needs to be addressed by the industry at large and Cisco has an opportunity to attack this problem.
  • Cisco is in a unique position to make security more user-friendly and seamless because it owns the network and can embed a lot of security features into it.
  • We anticipate hearing more about Cisco’s progress on its vision for security and expect to see more of the product roadmap at the upcoming event.

Can Cisco be the supercloud network?

Core networking is always a the forefront of Cisco Live. I keep coming back to the supercloud concept – a singular experience across clouds in a cloud-native fashion. Can Cisco bridge the legacy world of apps and infrastructure with cloud-native?

  • Cisco is not going to become a cloud provider like Amazon Web Services Inc., but it has the potential to be an abstraction layer that enables the concept of a “supercloud.”
  • A network supercloud would allow customers to use multiple cloud providers, edge locations, and private data centers seamlessly as one logical cloud.
  • Traditional cloud providers will not enable this, as their tools are specific to their platforms. Cisco, however, can provide network transport, security and optimization that transcend individual cloud platforms.
  • Cisco can become the bridge between physical clouds and create a logical supercloud thanks to its work with cloud providers, telcos and tools such as ThousandEyes and AppDynamics.
  • This process begins with networking, hoping to see more progress with the Meraki/Catalyst integration at the upcoming show. We are also looking for advancements in consolidating different versions of Wi-Fi and other disparate parts of Cisco’s networking story.

Collaboration: Hybrid work is still a big thing

What about collaboration? That business went from rocket ship to rapid deceleration post-pandemic, but hybrid work isn’t going away and it brings real challenges. Is this a game of integrating with your security portfolio to reduce risk? Or creating better and more simplified user experiences? We know that Jeetu Patel wants to make Webex 10 times better than any other platform.

  • We believe Cisco’s primary challenge in the collaboration market is Microsoft Teams. Despite having a poorer user experience compared with competitors, Teams is widely adopted thanks to its inclusion in Microsoft licensing plans.
  • Teams, however, can prove costly when additional features such as voice and security are added.
  • Cisco has accepted the coexistence with Teams, allowing its devices to run Teams natively. This could be beneficial as companies are likely to use more than one collaboration vendor.
  • We believe Cisco’s WebEx, loaded with extensive features, can offer a better experience for specific departments and expand its presence within organizations gradually.
  • A suggested strategy for Cisco is to manage other collaboration platforms through the WebEx console, offering better management for those platforms and then gradually introducing their own solutions.
  • In the context of observability, the application-centric view is crucial. Prioritizing network upgrades and security deployments based on their impact on application performance can provide quantifiable business metrics.
  • Cisco’s AppDynamics offers a unique perspective into application performance that other infrastructure vendors may lack. This tool could be instrumental in making such decisions.

Application centricity is the opportunity in full-stack observability

Cisco we think has an opportunity to make some moves in full-stack observability, but the linchpin as Kerravala wrote on SiliconANGLE is the application-centric view of the world. The two main takeaways from our conversation on observability include:

  • The application-centric view is crucial. Prioritizing network upgrades and security deployments based on their impact on application performance can provide quantifiable business metrics.
  • Cisco’s AppDynamics offers a unique perspective into application performance that other infrastructure vendors may lack. This tool could be instrumental in making such decisions.

Every large tech company has to address ESG

And finally we asked Kerravala if he has ever been to a Cisco Live where Chuck Robbins hasn’t done his part to address environmental, social and governance issues? Here’s a summary of what we discussed:

  • Cisco has a corporate goal to positively impact a billion lives by 2025. It’s making significant progress toward this goal through a variety of programs. It’s part of the Global Citizen group, and it conducts contests and provide financial support to entrepreneurs aiming to make the world a better place.
  • Cisco’s products also help with sustainability. They are embedded with features such as EnergyWise, which shuts off the network when it is not in use and turns it back on when it is needed.
  • Cisco’s custom application-specific integrated circuits are optimized for specific network functions, leading to lower power consumption.
  • The company offers Power over Ethernet features to further support sustainability.
  • At events such as Cisco Live, it has highlighted these sustainability features, and we expect to see more of this in the future.

We didn’t talk much about edge, but it’s a significant part of the future and we anticipate hearing more about it in the future.

Here’s the full conversation about what to expect at Cisco Live

Finally, theCUBE will be at Cisco Live in Las Vegas at the Mandalay Bay. We’re on the expo floor across from the Net Vet Lounge, which is Booth 1427. We have a small space so we’re doing the pop-up CUBE and we’d love to see you. By all means please stop by and say hello.

Keep in touch

Many thanks to Zeus Kerravala for stopping by the studio to share his knowledge. Thanks to Alex Myerson and Ken Shifman on production, podcasts and media workflows for Breaking Analysis. Special thanks to Kristen Martin and Cheryl Knight, who help us keep our community informed and get the word out, and to Rob Hof, our editor in chief at SiliconANGLE.

Remember we publish each week on Wikibon and SiliconANGLE. These episodes are all available as podcasts wherever you listen.

Email david.vellante@siliconangle.com, DM @dvellante on Twitter and comment on our LinkedIn posts.

Also, check out this ETR Tutorial we created, which explains the spending methodology in more detail. Note: ETR is a separate company from Wikibon and SiliconANGLE. If you would like to cite or republish any of the company’s data, or inquire about its services, please contact ETR at legal@etr.ai.

Here’s the full video analysis:

All statements made regarding companies or securities are strictly beliefs, points of view and opinions held by SiliconANGLE Media, Enterprise Technology Research, other guests on theCUBE and guest writers. Such statements are not recommendations by these individuals to buy, sell or hold any security. The content presented does not constitute investment advice and should not be used as the basis for any investment decision. You and only you are responsible for your investment decisions.

Disclosure: Many of the companies cited in Breaking Analysis are sponsors of theCUBE and/or clients of Wikibon. None of these firms or other companies have any editorial control over or advanced viewing of what’s published in Breaking Analysis.

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Sample CRCM test Questions

The following questions are representative of the types of questions you will find on the CRCM (Certified Regulatory Compliance Manager) exam.

1.  A borrower has a right to rescind a loan agreement in all of the following situations except:

a. A line of credit used for the borrower's business, secured by the borrower's primary  dwelling
b. A revolving line of credit secured by the borrower's primary dwelling used to Boost the borrower's home
c. An increase of a line of credit from $5,000 to $10,000 secured by the borrower's primary dwelling
d. A loan to pay off a contract for a deed secured by the borrower's primary dwelling

2.  When opening a deposit account online, Regulation E disclosures MUST be provided at the time of account opening or: 

a. Before the first EFT occurs 
b. Along with the first periodic statement 
c. Within three business days of account opening 
d. Within three business days of a customer's request for the EFT service

3.  The primary responsibility for overseeing a bank’s inherent compliance risk should lie with which of the following?

a. Internal audit
b. Consumers
c. Board of Directors
d. Compliance officer

4.   A branch manager finds an unexplained $7,000 cash shortage in Teller #1's cash drawer. Which of the following actions must the bank take?

a. File a Currency Transaction Report (CTR) with the IRS
b. Discharge Teller #1 immediately
c. Send a notice of adverse action to the bank's federal regulator
d. File a Suspicious Activity Report (SAR)

5.  A compliance professional recently discovered the bank did not file and disclose an accurate covered agreement, as required by the CRA Sunshine Act. In order to ensure correct reporting in the future, what must be provided? 

a. All individual mortgage loans 
b. Grants or loans to fulfill CRA activity 
c. Non-public or confidential information that will be provided in the public file 
d. A copy of the agreement to the regulatory agency 24 months after the end of the term


Answer Key

1. a
2. a
3. c
4. d
5. b

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Certified Automation Professional (CAP)

The ISA Certified Automation Professional® (CAP®) certification is a mark of career excellence that affirms your commitment to quality and demonstrates your expertise and knowledge of automation and controls. ISA CAP certification provides you with a non-biased, third-party, objective assessment and confirmation of your skills and expertise as an automation professional.

Who Are CAPs?

ISA CAP logo
CAPs are individuals who have proven they possess an extensive knowledge of automation and controls and that they have the expertise and qualifications to excel in their fields. As automation professionals who work in process automation and manufacturing automation industries around the globe, CAPs are responsible for direction, definition, design, development/application, deployment, documentation and support of software and equipment systems used in control systems, manufacturing information systems, systems integration, and operational consulting.

CAP Certification Requirements

To become an ISA CAP, you must meet certain education and work experience requirements, pass an exam, and commit to the ISA Code of Conduct. Learn more about CAP requirements.

CAP Body of Knowledge

The CAP Body of Knowledge (BOK) encompasses the full scope of knowledge, skills, and abilities needed for competent job performance. It defines automation project domains, the tasks within the domains, and the knowledge and skills required to complete the tasks. View the CAP Body of Knowledge.

How to Apply

There is no application form for CAP certification. The process involves confirming that you meet the following requirements and then taking an exam.

Requirements

Note: by paying the test fee, you are confirming that you are aware of, have met, and can document that you meet the requirements for the CAP certification.

Click the button below to add the test fee to your cart. After you complete your purchase and your payment has successfully processed, you will receive a payment confirmation email. Then, one month before your test window, you will receive an email with the test invitation and instructions for scheduling your exam.

Pay Cap test Fee

About the Exam

You can take the CAP test online from your office or home if the testing environment meets the requirements and your computer meets specifications. You can also take the test at a Scantron test center. The CAP test has 150 multiple-choice questions and is four hours long. Learn more about Certification Exams and Testing.

How to Prepare

We highly recommend taking the Certified Automation Professional (CAP) test Review Course (EC00). ISA has also developed an extensive library of training courses, study guides and publications that are built around the technologies and subjects covered on the CAP exam. These resources have been developed and reviewed by subject matter experts. Learn more about the review course and the additional resources here.

Reference to Standards and Codes

The aspects of automation covered on the CAP test reflect the tasks performed in the range of practice settings throughout the United States. Familiarity with the following standards and codes is recommended. get the Reference to Standards and Codes (PDF).

  • ISA Standards
  • IEEE Standards
  • National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Codes and Standards
  • National Electrical Code (NEC)
  • National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards
  • International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standards
  • National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Codes and Federal Regulations
  • Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Standards
  • US Food and Drug Administration Regulations
  • American Petroleum Institute (API) Standards

For International applicants, note that the validation study for the exams was done in the United States, so there may be questions on the test that reference US standards and codes.

Important Announcement for CAPs and CCSTs

We are pleased to announce that our Certified Automation Professional® (CAP)® and Certified Control System Technician® (CCST®) certification programs have a brand-new look! Please check your Badgecert account to access your new logo.

Thu, 21 Apr 2011 12:51:00 -0500 en text/html https://www.isa.org/certification/cap
Sample test question No result found, try new keyword!There are several things to keep in mind when answering the extract based question Read the extract more than once to make sure you have fully understood it. When you are studying the extract you ... Mon, 24 Apr 2023 02:10:00 -0500 en-GB text/html https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zpvqcwx/revision/1 Sample test questions - bioenergetics

Multiple choice questions are perhaps the easiest to complete - you simply put a cross in a box - however, the questions often have two answers that could, at first glance, be correct. Don't make the mistake of studying the first answer and thinking this is correct without checking all the others.

If it says 'Tick one box', you must tick one box. If you leave it blank or tick two or more boxes you will get zero marks. These multiple choice questions will not start with command words like 'Describe...' or 'Explain...'. They will be written in the form of a question like 'What...?' or 'Why...?'.

There will be more multiple choice questions on the Foundation paper.

These questions have been written by Bitesize consultants as suggestions to the types of questions that may appear in an test paper.

Sun, 28 May 2023 09:28:00 -0500 en-GB text/html https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zgwf4qt/revision/1
What to Expect From AP Exams in 2022 No result found, try new keyword!However, this year, most exams will once again assume the traditional pen-and-paper format. This means that exams in all subjects – except AP Chinese and AP Japanese language and culture tests ... Tue, 28 Apr 2020 15:51:00 -0500 text/html https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/college-admissions-playbook/articles/what-to-expect-from-ap-exams Cisco Unveils New Solution to Rapidly Detect Advanced Cyber Threats and Automate Response

News Summary:

  • With unmatched visibility across the network and endpoint, Cisco Extended Detection and Response (XDR) simplifies security operations in today's hybrid, multi-vendor, multi-threat landscape.

  • Cisco XDR prioritizes and remediates security incidents more efficiently using evidence-backed automation.

  • To protect against multi-factor authentication (MFA) attacks, Cisco is now offering advanced features in all editions of Duo, the most secure, cost-effective, and user-friendly access management solution on the market.

SAN FRANCISCO, April 24, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- RSA CONFERENCE 2023 -- Cisco (NASDAQ: CSCO), the leader in enterprise networking and security, unveiled the latest progress towards its vision of the Cisco Security Cloud, a unified, AI-driven, cross-domain security platform. Cisco's new XDR solution and the release of advanced features for Duo MFA will help organizations better protect the integrity of their entire IT ecosystem.

Simplify your security operations with Cisco XDR

Threat Detection and Response

Cisco's XDR strategy converges its deep expertise and visibility across the network and endpoints into one turnkey, risk-based solution. Now in Beta with General Availability coming in July 2023, Cisco XDR simplifies investigating incidents and enables security operations centers (SOCs) to immediately remediate threats. The cloud-first solution applies analytics to prioritize detections and moves the focus from endless investigations to remediating the highest priority incidents with evidence-backed automation.

"The threat landscape is complex and evolving. Detection without response is insufficient, while response without detection is impossible. With Cisco XDR, security operations teams can respond and remediate threats before they have a chance to cause significant damage," said Jeetu Patel, Executive Vice President and General Manager of Security and Collaboration at Cisco. "Cisco continues to ensure that 'if it's connected, you're also protected.' We are uniquely positioned to deliver integrated solutions that simplify securing today's increasingly complex, hybrid multi-cloud environments without compromising user experience."

While traditional Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) technology provides management for log-centric data and measures outcomes in days, Cisco XDR focuses on telemetry-centric data and delivers outcomes in minutes. It natively analyzes and correlates the six telemetry sources that Security Operations Center (SOC) operators say are critical for an XDR solution: endpoint, network, firewall, email, identity, and DNS. On the endpoint specifically, Cisco XDR leverages insight from 200 million endpoints with Cisco Secure Client, formerly AnyConnect, to provide process-level visibility of where the endpoint meets the network.

"The true measure of XDR is its ability to deliver actual security outcomes, real and measurable benefit to organizations — early detection, impact prioritization, and effective and efficient response," said Frank Dickson, Group Vice President, Security & Trust, IDC. "True results need to be quantifiable numerically and not just qualitatively described with words. Cisco XDR delivers a clear framework for enabling organizations to achieve such tangible outcomes."

In addition to Cisco's native telemetry, Cisco XDR integrates with leading third-party vendors to share telemetry, increase interoperability, and deliver consistent outcomes regardless of vendor or technology. The initial set of out-of-the-box integrations at general availability include:

  • Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR): CrowdStrike Falcon Insight XDR, Cybereason Endpoint Detection and Response, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR, SentinelOne Singularity, Trend Vision One

  • Email Threat Defense: Microsoft Defender for Office, Proofpoint Email Protection

  • Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW): Check Point Quantum, Palo Alto Networks Next-Generation Firewall

  • Network Detection and Response (NDR): Darktrace DETECT™ and Darktrace RESPOND™,  ExtraHop Reveal(x)

  • Security Information and Event Management (SIEM): Microsoft Sentinel

"Throughout Logicalis' decades-long pursuit to becoming a world class integrator; we have recognized the impact extensibility can have on the viability and efficacy of any solution," said Brad Davenport, Vice President of Technical Architecture, Logicalis. "With the launch of Cisco XDR, we can finally provide our customers with XDR outcomes as a solution or managed offering. We see this as a natural progression for us along the security maturity journey. Logicalis is very excited to put our combined expertise to work for our clients and offer Cisco XDR to help them achieve their business outcomes."

Zero Trust and Access Management

As attackers increasingly target gaps in weaker multi-factor authentication (MFA) implementations, Cisco is redefining what is essential for access management. Every business needs three key pillars for its access management strategy: enforcing strong authentication, verifying devices, and reducing the number of passwords in use. This is why, beginning on May 1st, Cisco is adding Trusted Endpoints to all its paid Duo Editions. Previously just available in Duo's highest tier, Trusted Endpoints allows only registered or managed devices to access resources. By delivering Trusted Endpoints alongside Single Sign On, MFA, Passwordless, and Verified Push within the entry-level Duo Essentials edition, Cisco is delivering the most secure, cost-effective, and user-friendly access management solution on the market.

To learn more, visit Cisco.com/go/security

Supporting Quotes

"Darktrace DETECT and RESPOND, parts of the Darktrace Cyber AI Loop, can quickly contain and disarm threats, whether known or unknown, and with a high degree of fidelity. Our collaboration with Cisco will provide our mutual customers with added visibility into security incidents and actions across cloud, network and OT," said Mattheus Bovbjerg, Vice President of Integrations, Darktrace. We look forward to expanding this collaboration to additional coverage areas including email and SaaS applications in the future."

"As organizations embrace the network as the essential source for cybertruth, our partnership with Cisco offers enterprises the ability to integrate ExtraHop with best-of-breed products for a more comprehensive view of their IT environments," said Jesse Rothstein, Chief Technology Officer and Co-Founder, ExtraHop. "Joint customers will benefit from ExtraHop's enterprise-grade, high–fidelity detections with network decryption and support for more than 80+ protocols, while also seamlessly integrating with log and endpoint solutions to achieve more streamlined investigations."

"SentinelOne is excited to team with Cisco to deliver market-leading solutions that allow our joint customers to push the boundaries of security," said Akhil Kapoor, Vice President of Technology Partnerships and Business Development, SentinelOne. "We look forward to integrating our EDR and Cloud Workload Protection (CWPP) solutions with Cisco to help organizations of all sizes secure tomorrow today."

"Our vision for XDR is to provide customers with a comprehensive, consolidated view of their security posture, enabling them to respond to threats quickly and effectively," said Mike Gibson, Senior Vice President of Global Services and Customer Success, Trend Micro. "The integration with Cisco XDR is a significant step forward in the evolution of cybersecurity. By leveraging the strength of both solutions, we are able to offer our customers a unified solution that expands telemetry insights to gain a greater perspective of their security environment enabling them to detect threats faster and respond more effectively."

Additional Resources

About Cisco  
Cisco (NASDAQ: CSCO) is the worldwide leader in technology that powers the Internet. Cisco inspires new possibilities by reimagining your applications, securing your data, transforming your infrastructure, and empowering your teams for a global and inclusive future. Discover more on The Newsroom and follow us on Twitter at @Cisco.

Cisco and the Cisco logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. A listing of Cisco's trademarks can be found at www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third-party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company.

Cisco Logo

SOURCE Cisco Systems, Inc.

Mon, 24 Apr 2023 20:19:00 -0500 en-US text/html https://finance.yahoo.com/news/cisco-unveils-solution-rapidly-detect-150000199.html

300-635 test format - Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUTO) Updated: 2023

Review 300-635 real question and answers before you take test
Exam Code: 300-635 Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUTO) test format June 2023 by Killexams.com team

300-635 Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUTO)

300-635 DCAUTO
Certifications: CCNP Data Center, Cisco Certified DevNet Professional, Cisco Certified DevNet Specialist - Data Center
Automation and Programmability
Duration: 90 minutes

This test tests your knowledge of implementing data center automated solutions, including:
Programming concepts
Orchestration
Automation tools

Exam Description
The Automating and Programming Cisco Data Center Solutions v1.0 (DCAUTO 300-635) test is a 90-minute test associated with the CCNP Data Center, Cisco Certified DevNet Professional, and Cisco Certified Specialist - Data Center SAN Implementation certifications. This test tests a candidate's knowledge of implementing Data Center automated solutions, including programming concepts, orchestration and automation tools.

10% 1.0 Network Programmability Foundation
1.1 Utilize common version control operations with git: add, clone, push, commit, diff, branching, merging conflict
1.2 Describe characteristics of API styles (REST and RPC)
1.3 Describe the challenges encountered and patterns used when consuming APIs synchronously and asynchronously
1.4 Interpret Python scripts containing data types, functions, classes, conditions, and looping
1.5 Describe the benefits of Python virtual environments
1.6 Explain the benefits of using network configuration tools such as Ansible and Puppet for automating data center platforms
30% 2.0 Controller Based Data Center Networking
2.1 Describe the following:
2.1.a ACI target policy
2.1.b ACI application hosting capabilities
2.1.c Implementation of an ACI application from the Cisco ACI Apps Center
2.2 Leverage the API inspector to explore the REST API calls made by the ACI GUI
2.3 Construct a Python script to create an application policy using the ACI REST API
2.4 Construct a Python script to create an application policy using the ACI Cobra SDK
2.5 Construct an Ansible playbook to create an application policy
2.6 Describe the benefits of integrating Kubernetes infrastructure using the ACI CNI plugin
30% 3.0 Data Center Device-centric Networking
3.1 Describe Day 0 provisioning with NX-OS
3.1.a Cisco POAP
3.1.b NX-OS iPXE
3.2 Implement On-Box Programmability and Automation with NX-OS
3.2.a Bash
3.2.b Linux containers (LXC and Docker using provided container
3.2.c NX-OS guest shell
3.2.d Embedded Event Manager (EEM)
3.2.e On-box Python Scripting
3.3 Compare model-driven telemetry such as YANG Push and gRPC to traditional network monitoring strategies such as SMNP, Netflow, and SYSLOG
3.4 Construct Python script that consumes model-driven telemetry data with NX-OS
3.5 Implement Off-Box Programmability and Automation with NX-OS
3.5.a Nexus NX-API (NX-API REST and NX-API CLI)
3.5.b Nexus NETCONF using native and OpenConfig
3.5.c Network configuration tools with NX-OS (Ansible)
30% 4.0 Data Center Compute
4.1 Configure Cisco UCS with developer tools
4.1.a UCS PowerTool
4.1.b UCS Python SDK
4.1.c Ansible
4.2 Describe the capabilities of the DCNM API
4.3 Identify the steps in the Intersight API authentication method
4.4 Construct an Intersight API call given documentation to accomplish tasks such as manage server policies, service profiles, and firmware updates
4.5 Describe the process to implement workflows for physical and virtual infrastructure using UCS Director
4.5.a Pre-defined tasks
4.5.b Custom tasks
4.5.c Script libraries
4.6 Utilize UCS Director REST API browser
Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUTO)
Cisco Automating test format

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500-701 Cisco Video Infrastructure Design (VID)
500-301 Cisco Cloud Collaboration Solutions
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300-420 Designing Cisco Enterprise Networks (ENSLD)
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300-510 Implementing Cisco Service Provider Advanced Routing Solutions (SPRI)
300-610 Designing Cisco Data Center Infrastructure (DCID)
300-615 Troubleshooting Cisco Data Center Infrastructure (DCIT)
300-620 Implementing Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure (DCACI)
300-635 Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUTO)
300-810 Implementing Cisco Collaboration Applications (CLICA)
300-815 Implementing Cisco Advanced Call Control and Mobility Services (CLACCM) - CCNP
300-910 Implementing DevOps Solutions and Practices using Cisco Platforms (DEVOPS)
300-920 Developing Applications for Cisco Webex and Webex Devices (DEVWBX)
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200-901 DevNet Associate (DEVASC)
300-535 Automating Cisco Service Provider Solutions (SPAUTO)
300-710 Securing Networks with Cisco Firepower
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300-720 Securing Email with Cisco Email Security Appliance
300-725 Securing the Web with Cisco Web Security Appliance (SWSA)
300-730 Implementing Secure Solutions with Virtual Private Networks
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Cisco
300-635
Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUTO)
http://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/300-635
QUESTION 52 Which authentication method is used when the REST API of the Cisco UCS
Director is accessed?
A. Bearer ((Bearer Token))
B. HTTP Basic Auth
C. RestAuth: ((User's Auth Token))
D. X-Cloupia-Request-Key: ((User's Auth Token))
Answer: B
Section: Data Center Compute
QUESTION 53
DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the items to complete the request to retrieve the current firmware of Cisco UCS devices from the Cisco Intersight API. Not all items are used.
Select and Place:
Answer:
Section: Data Center Compute
Reference: https://developer.cisco.com/codeexchange/github/repo/CiscoUcs/intersight-python/
QUESTION 54
Refer to the exhibit.
Which Ansible module is needed in line 8 to create a new VLAN 10 on the hosts defined in the "ucs" group?
A. vlan
B. ucs_vlans
C. vlans
D. nxos_vlans
Answer: B
Section: Data Center Compute
QUESTION 55
DRAG DROP
A co-worker is using Cisco Intersight to determine the maximum available memory per server for their company's data center. Drag and drop the code to complete the Cisco Intersight API call that provides the desired results. Not all options
are used.
Select and Place:
Answer:
Section: Data Center Compute
QUESTION 56
Which two components are required from the Cisco Intersight REST API Authentication? (Choose two.)
A. SHA256 hash of the message body and message headers.
B. SHA256 hash of the message body, including empty message bodies.
C. RSA private key with a key size of 2048.
D. RSA private key with a key size of 1024.
E. SHA384 hash of the message body, excluding empty message bodies.
Answer: AC
Section: Data Center Compute
QUESTION 57 Which two statements apply to authentication when using the Cisco Intersight
API? (Choose two.)
A. Each API Key can be assigned specific roles but not privileges.
B. Secret Key is only available at API Key creation time.C. An API Key is composed of a Key ID and Secret Key.
D. The user credentials for the cisco.com accounts are shared with the Cisco Intersight Web Service.
E. An API Key is composed of a keyId and sessionCookie.
Answer: BC
Section: Data Center Compute
QUESTION 58 Which two statements describe the authentication method used with Cisco Intersight REST API
Requests? (Choose two.)
A. The REST API request contains a base64-encoded signature of the message content and headers.
B. The REST API request message body is encoded as a SHA384 hash and then signed with the API Key ID.
C. The Cisco Intersight Web service verifies the signature of incoming request with the RSA public key for the API Key ID.
D. The incoming REST API request is challenged by the Cisco Intersight Web service with a request for the RSA private key.
E. The message body is encoded as a SHA256 hash if the message body is not empty and then signed with the API Key ID.
Answer: AD
Section: Data Center Compute
QUESTION 59
Refer to the exhibit.
Cisco Intersight has an NTP server policy called My_NTP_Policy configured that contains a single NTP server pool entry "pool.ntp.org".
Which Cisco Intersight API call adds an additional NTP server (10.20.0.1) to the My_NTP_Policy server policy? A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: B
Section: Data Center Compute
QUESTION 60
A server profile with the string "WEST15" in its name must have the string "WEST15" changed to "LXT14". For example, server profile "VMHOST-WEST15-01" would need to be changed to "VMHOST-LXT14-01".
Using the Cisco Intersight REST API in a Python script, which two GET API requests are used to retrieve just the server profile with the string "WEST15" in the name and the correct body for the API request to update the name? Assume the
variable "sp_name" contains the name of the retrieved server profile. (Choose two.)
A. GET https://intersight.com/api/v1/server/Profiles?$select=Name&$filter=contains(Name, 'WEST15')
B. GET https://intersight.com/api/v1/server/Profiles?$select=Name&$filter=Name in('WEST15')
C. BODY = { "Name": sp_name.format('WEST15', 'LXT14') }
D. GET https://intersight.com/api/v1/server/Profiles?$select=Name&$filter=startswith(Name, 'WEST15')E. BODY = { "Name": sp_name.replace('WEST15','LXT14') }
Answer: AE
Section: Data Center Compute
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Cisco Automating test format - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/300-635 Search results Cisco Automating test format - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/300-635 https://killexams.com/exam_list/Cisco Final Exam

Final test solution

The Final test will be Monday, December 12 from 3:30-5:30 pm.

Prof. Hess will be available for last-minute questions on Monday in ME 3003B.

  • 9:30-10:30 am
  • 11:30 am - 1 pm
  • 1:30-3 pm

All students will take the test in CL50.

Some additional notes regarding the Final Exam:

  • The test will cover material from Lecture 30 (Gear Geometry) to Lecture 43 (GD&T) on the course schedule.
  • The test format will be similar to Exams 1 and 2 and to the exams posted on the course website: 25% short-answer questions and 75% work-out problems.
  • The test is closed-book and closed-note
    • Final test equation sheet (will be provided with the exam)
    • You may also bring an 8.5" x 11" crib sheet to the exam.  The crib sheet must be turned in with the exam.
  • The test will follow ME's calculator policy.

Final test from previous semesters

Fri, 01 Jul 2022 22:25:00 -0500 en-US text/html https://www.purdue.edu/freeform/me354/exams/final-exam-2/
PART I: AM demo EXAMS AND SOLUTIONS Just a moment...
Sat, 24 Feb 2018 23:16:00 -0600 en-US text/html https://www.globalspec.com/reference/55521/203279/Part-I-AM-Sample-Exams-and-Solutions
Sample Entrance Exam
Atlantic Unbound Sidebar

When you are ready, proceed to the current exam.

Read about the new Word Police training manual, Word Court, by Word Police Commissioner Barbara Wallraff.

Join a conversation on Word Police and Word Court in Atlantic Unbound's reader forum, Post & Riposte.

Read accurate Word Court columns from The Atlantic Monthly, and browse the Word Fugitives archive, in The Court Record.

Sample Entrance Exam

Word Police exams consist of questions similar to the ones below. Here beneath each question we've told you which answer is correct, and explained why.

When you are taking an actual exam, once you've answered all five questions, press the "Submit answers" button to have your responses scored. If you're not sure of the answer to any question, why not take your best guess? (No points are deducted for wrong answers.) You'll need to get at least four answers right to be allowed to proceed. On the next page, you will be asked a final question that you must answer correctly in order to pass the exam.

The actual exams provide a clue about the intent of the questions that isn't available here -- namely, that each of them is the test for a particular squad or division. The questions on the entrance test for any given squad will have to do with that squad's specialty. So, for example, on the entrance test for the Number Unit, the focus of the questions will tend to be grammatical number (say, "the Word Police is ..." or "the Word Police are ..."?).

1. When Word Police officers perform their duties properly, fewer/less crimes against the language occur.

Fewer
Less
Whatever

Fewer is for things that can be counted ("one crime, two crimes ..."; "The fewer crimes the better"). Less is for things that pile up as amounts, not numbers of items, and aren't countable ("There hasn't been much criminal activity lately"; "There's been less criminal activity than usual"). Because crimes falls into the former class of things, fewer is the only correct choice here. (See pages 191-192 in Word Court.)

2. While on duty, you see your neighbor Mr. Smith discarding a candy wrapper on the sidewalk. You pick it up, say in your most cheerful tone, "You dropped something. Here you are!" and hand it back to him. Afterward, should you keep the matter between you and him, between he and the Word Police Force, or between you and he?

Between you and him
Between he and the Word Police Force
Between you and he

Any pronoun that comes after between ought to be one that can be used as a grammatical object (as in "The Word Police want us"), not one that is used as a subject (for example, "We want to join the Word Police"). He is a subjective pronoun, so neither the second nor the third answer can be correct. You can be either kind of pronoun, and him is objective, so "between you and him" is the right answer. (See pages 130-134 in Word Court.)

3. Which is correct?

"It's a dull officer who spends all their time shining their badge."
"It's a dull officer who spends all her time shining her badge."
"It's a dull officer that spends all its time shining its badge."

An officer can't be plural. Nor is an officer neuter (its). An officer certainly can be female, though, so "... spends all her time ..." is fine. The second answer is the correct one. (See pages 28-32 in Word Court.)

4. With which statement do you agree?

"A Word Police officer must see that poetic justice is done everyday."
"A Word Police officer can't concern himself with poetic justice on an every day basis."
"A Word Police officer must at least try to see that poetic justice is done every day."

Once again, the real issue here is which of these statements is worded correctly. See those variations of everyday? Everyday, one word, is an adjective, and so when that's the form used, it's supposed to be modifying a noun. Every day is an adverb or a noun phrase. In the first answer, the adjective everyday is being used as if it were an adverb, modifying a verb; and in the second one, the adverb every day is being used as if it were an adjective, modifying a noun. Only in the third answer does the adverbial form match an adverbial function; this answer is correct. (See pages 190-191 in Word Court.)

5. Is this alright?

Yes
No

Alright is a very informal spelling. Standard English calls for all right. So no, it's not all right, thank you very much. No, indeed. (See page 153 in Word Court.)


Proceed to the entrance exam
Copyright © 2000 by The Atlantic Monthly Company. All rights reserved.




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