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2V0-51-19 Professional VMware Horizon 7.7 (VCP-DTM 2019) (2V0-51.19) test | http://babelouedstory.com/
2V0-51-19 test - Professional VMware Horizon 7.7 (VCP-DTM 2019) (2V0-51.19) Updated: 2023
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2V0-51-19 Professional VMware Horizon 7.7 (VCP-DTM 2019) (2V0-51.19)
Exam Name : Professional VMware Horizon 7.7 (VCP-DTM 2020)
Exam ID : 2V0-51.19
Exam Duration : 105 minutes
Questions in exam : 65
Passing Score : 300 / 500
Exam Center : PEARSON VUE
Real Questions : VMware 2V0-51.19 Real Questions
Recommended Practice : VMware Certified Professional - Desktop and Mobility 2020 (VCP-DTM 2020) Practice Test
Section Objectives Install and Configure Horizon Server Components - Describe techniques to prepare environment for Horizon
- Determine procedures to install Horizon Components
- Determine steps to configure Horizon Components
- Analyze End User Requirements for Display Protocol Performance
- Diagnose and solve issues related to connectivity between Horizon server Components Create and Configure Pools - Configure and Manage Horizon Pools
- Build and Customize RDSH Server and Desktop Images Configure and Manage Identity Manager - Install and Configure VMware Identity Manager
- Manage VMware Identity Manager Configure and Manage User Environment Manager - Install and Configure VMware User Environment Manager
- Manage VMware User Environment Manager Configure and Manage App Volumes - Install and Configure VMware App Volumes
- Manage VMware AppStacks and writeable Volumes Configure vRealize Operations for Horizon - Install and Configure the adapter instance and Horizon Broker Agent
Professional VMware Horizon 7.7 (VCP-DTM 2019) (2V0-51.19) Vmware Professional test
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http://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/2V0-51-19 Question: 58
Which three Microsoft Windows desktop versions are supported by VMware User
Environment Manager? (Choose three.)
A. Microsoft Windows 8.1
B. Microsoft Windows 8
C. Microsoft Windows XP
D. Microsoft Windows 10
E. Microsoft Windows 7 Answer: A, D, E Question: 59
An application was installed into an AppStack using Microsoft Windows 8.1. The
administrator knows that this is a very simple application, and that the AppStack is
compatible with other versions of Windows. How can the administrator make the
AppStack available under Microsoft Windows 7?
A. Go to Volumes, AppStacks, select the AppStack and click Update. Provision the new
AppStack to the operating system it should be available to.
B. Go to Volumes, AppStacks, Select the AppStack and click Assign. Then select the
virtual machines it should be available to.
C. Go to Volumes, AppStacks, select the AppStack and click Edit. Then select the
operating systems it should be available to.
D. Go to AppStacks, select the volume and click modify. Enter the operating system it
should be available to and click save. Answer: C Question: 60
An ESXI host has instant clone virtual machines running on it. What tool should be used
to place it into maintenance mode?
A. ViewDbChk
B. VMware vSphere Client
C. vdmadmin
D. IcMaint Answer: D Question: 61
How can an administrator access the User Environment Manager console for the first
time?
A. Deploy the User Environment Manager appliance, select the Flex management
console option, then launch the management console application.
B. Deploy the User Environment Manager appliance, select the Flex management
console option, then connect to the appliance at https://UEM-
Console.vmware.com:9443/ui.
C. Launch the User Environment Manager installer, perform a Custom install, select the
Flex management console option, then connect to the computer at https://UEMConsole.
vmware.com:9443/ui.
D. Launch the User Environment Manager installer, perform a Custom install, select the
Flex management console option, then launch the management console application. Answer: A Question: 62
VMware User Environment Manager Application Profiler allows for what two
supported capabilities? (Choose two.)
A. Application Profiler allows for the individual user Personalization of applications
B. Application Profiler analyzes registry and file system location settings for a particular
application
C. Application Profiler allows for the creation of application-specific Predefined
Settings
D. Application Profiler analyzes for the creation of Application Templates Answer: B, C Question: 63
A VMware Identity Manager appliance has just been installed. An administrator wants
to install an SSL signed Certificate onto the appliance. Where is this done?
A. In the Identity Manager Admin page under Identity & Access Management > Manage
> Identity Providers
B. In the Identity Manager Admin page under Appliance Settings > Manage
Configuration > Install Certificate
C. At the appliance console of the Identity Manager server
D. In the Identity Manager Admin page under Identity & Access Management > Setup >
Connectors Answer: B Question: 64
One of the datastores containing a manual desktop pool is running out of disk space and
an administrator adds a second datastore. Which operation should the administrator
perform to resolve the issue?
A. Recompose
B. Storage vMotion
C. Refresh
D. Rebalance Answer: B Question: 65
When an existing AppStack is updated, which two actions must be performed? (Choose
two.)
A. The original appstack is deleted
B. The AppStack is provisioned to a virtual machine
C. A VMFS snapshot of the existing AppStack is made
D. The existing AppStack is cloned to a new .vmdk Answer: B, D
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https://killexams.com/exam_list/VmwareCertified Automation Professional (CAP)
The ISA Certified Automation Professional® (CAP®) certification is a mark of career excellence that affirms your commitment to quality and demonstrates your expertise and knowledge of automation and controls. ISA CAP certification provides you with a non-biased, third-party, objective assessment and confirmation of your skills and expertise as an automation professional.
Who Are CAPs?
CAPs are individuals who have proven they possess an extensive knowledge of automation and controls and that they have the expertise and qualifications to excel in their fields. As automation professionals who work in process automation and manufacturing automation industries around the globe, CAPs are responsible for direction, definition, design, development/application, deployment, documentation and support of software and equipment systems used in control systems, manufacturing information systems, systems integration, and operational consulting.
CAP Certification Requirements
To become an ISA CAP, you must meet certain education and work experience requirements, pass an exam, and commit to the ISA Code of Conduct. Learn more about CAP requirements.
CAP Body of Knowledge
The CAP Body of Knowledge (BOK) encompasses the full scope of knowledge, skills, and abilities needed for competent job performance. It defines automation project domains, the tasks within the domains, and the knowledge and skills required to complete the tasks. View the CAP Body of Knowledge.
How to Apply
There is no application form to fill out for CAP certification. Simply complete the following steps:
Acknowledge that you are subject to a random application verification audit.
Agree to provide the supporting documents proving your qualifications if you are audited.
Pay the exam fee.
Upon paying the exam fee, the application process is complete, and you have acknowledged that you meet the requirements listed above in numbers 1–3.
Next Steps
Watch for an email from our testing provider, Meazure Learning (candidatesupport@meazurelearning.com). Expect to receive it fifteen days before your exam window. The email will include information about how to schedule your exam online or at a test center. NOTE: If you have attended a CAP review course and wish to apply for CAP certification, you must also meet the requirements listed above in numbers 1–3. Since the application fee is included in the cost of the CAP review course, you will receive an exam invitation within three business days after completing the review course.
Schedule and take your exam. You will be notified whether you pass or not immediately upon completing the exam.
Watch for an email summarizing your exam results. If you pass your exam, you will also receive your digital badge and you will be listed in the ISA Credential Directory.
Watch for an email from certification@isa.org regarding an audit. You will only receive this email if you have been randomly selected to be audited. If you do not receive this email, you do not need to do anything. Audits are conducted three times per year, so it may take several months after completing your exam to receive an email if you have been selected for an audit.
Click the button below to add the exam fee to your cart.
You can take the CAP exam online from your office or home if the testing environment meets the requirements and your computer meets specifications. You can also take the exam at a Scantron test center. The CAP exam has 150 multiple-choice questions and is four hours long. Learn more about Certification Exams and Testing.
How to Prepare
We highly recommend taking the Certified Automation Professional (CAP) exam Review Course (EC00). ISA has also developed an extensive library of training courses, study guides and publications that are built around the technologies and syllabus covered on the CAP exam. These resources have been developed and reviewed by subject matter experts. Learn more about the review course and the additional resources here.
Reference to Standards and Codes
The aspects of automation covered on the CAP exam reflect the tasks performed in the range of practice settings throughout the United States. Familiarity with the following standards and codes is recommended. get the Reference to Standards and Codes (PDF).
ISA Standards
IEEE Standards
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Codes and Standards
National Electrical Code (NEC)
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standards
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Codes and Federal Regulations
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Standards
US Food and Drug Administration Regulations
American Petroleum Institute (API) Standards
For International applicants, note that the validation study for the exams was done in the United States, so there may be questions on the exam that reference US standards and codes.
Have Questions?
For assistance with certification or certificate programs, contact us at certifications@isa.org.
For frequently asked questions, visit the following pages:
Important Announcement for CAPs and CCSTs
We are pleased to announce that our Certified Automation Professional® (CAP)® and Certified Control System Technician® (CCST®) certification programs have a brand-new look! Please check your Badgecert account to access your new logo.
Thu, 16 Nov 2023 04:46:00 -0600entext/htmlhttps://www.isa.org/certification/capCertified Automation Professional (CAP) exam Review Course (EC00)
Certified Automation Professional® (CAP®) exam Review Course (EC00) reviews the knowledge and skills areas included on the CAP examination. The intent is to prepare an automation professional who meets the exam criteria to take the exam. The content is based on the job analysis domains, tasks, knowledge areas, and skill areas developed as the basis for the CAP certification exam. Learn more about ISA's CAP certification.
The ISA Certified Automation Professional (CAP) certification is a mark of career excellence that affirms your commitment to quality and demonstrates your expertise and knowledge of automation and controls. ISA CAP certification provides you with a non-biased, third-party, objective assessment and confirmation of your skills and expertise as an automation professional.
Compare process variable measurements and control valve selections
Discuss how the various types of control technologies are used in industrial automation, including process control from basic to advanced control, discrete, batch, motor and motion control
Identify the range of digital communications used in automation and how these are used in system integration
Explain when safety instrumented systems (SISs) are needed and how they are specified
Recognize the importance of electrical issues that relate to grounding and noise
Apply the critical areas of automation opportunity identification and project justification
Interpret the best practice methodology for automation project execution
Topics Covered
CAP Basics
Process Instrumentation
Analytical Instrumentation
Continuous Control
Control Valves and Analog Communications
Control System Documentation and Control Equipment
Basic, Discrete Sequencing and Manufacturing Control/Discrete and Sequencing Control
Motor and Drive Control
Motion Control
Advanced Control
Batch Control
Alarm Management and Reliability, Safety and Electrical
Sat, 07 Oct 2023 22:50:00 -0500entext/htmlhttps://www.isa.org/training/course-description/ec00These IT certifications earn the highest salaries
IT professionals who have certain Google Cloud certifications are the most in demand in the EMEA region, having high avarage salaries. Certified security experts are also in demand.
That’s according to figures from Skillsoft. In particular, the following certifications are involved: Google Cloud Certified – Professional Cloud Security Engineer, Google Cloud Certified – Professional Cloud Developer, Google Cloud Certified – Professional Cloud Architect and Google Cloud Certified – Professional Data Engineer.
The Google Cloud Certified Professional Cloud Security Engineer earns the most on average, although Skillsoft does not supply an exact amount. In any case, it is more than the average salary of the runner-up, the Google Cloud Certified Professional Cloud Developer. The latter earns an average of 143,531 euros per year in the EMEA region.
A certified Google Cloud Professional Cloud Architect earns an average of 130,000 euros and a Professional Data Engineer an average of 126,000 euros.
The highest-earning non-Google Cloud-certified IT employee in the EMEA region is a CISSP-certified cybersecurity specialist. This one earns an average of 119,000 euros in the EMEA region.
According to Skillsoft, the demand for Google Cloud specialists and certifiers is remarkable. This may be because the tech giant’s public cloud environment is becoming increasingly popular and more companies are moving to it. Cloud and security experts in general, of course, still remain in demand by companies.
Wed, 15 Nov 2023 00:26:00 -0600entext/htmlhttps://www.techzine.eu/news/devops/113326/these-it-certifications-earn-the-highest-salaries/Best Storage Certifications
There’s no question that skills and knowledge related to various networked forms of storage – such as storage area networks (SANs), network-attached storage (NAS), virtualized storage, and even storage as a service (STaaS) – are in high demand. Also, IT professionals interested in data center or network-backbone-related positions are likely to need strong storage chops.
Average salaries for storage engineers are consistent (and lucrative) across several job-related websites. For example, SimplyHired reports the average nationwide salary is a little over $107,600 in a range starting at $74,085 and climbing just over $156,000. Potential earnings reported by Glassdoor are higher: The national average salary is just over $165,800, with the low end of the range at about $110,000 and the high end close to $182,000.
In some ways, the state of storage certification perfectly mirrors in a single subject area (or perhaps a closely clustered collection of related subjects) what occurs across the full spectrum of information technology. Some vendor-neutral storage certifications are available, particularly those from the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) and Arcitura. Also, there are numerous vendor-specific storage credentials available from providers of storage systems and solutions, including Cisco, Dell EMC, Hitachi Data Systems (HDS), HPE, NetApp and Sun/Oracle, among others.
Like other IT certifications, vendor-neutral credentials recognize broad competency in design, implementation and management, while vendor-specific programs tend to match up with technologies active IT professionals interact within the workplace (or that they’d like to interact with for prospective employers).
How is a storage-minded IT professional supposed to pick a winner here? Name recognition is one factor. Big name and big company certifications tend to attract higher numbers of certified individuals, lending more credibility to such certifications.
Popularity with employers is another consideration when selecting a certification. In our informal survey, we searched several online job sites on a given day for specific storage certifications. Note that the Cisco CCNP swamps the other certifications because its coverage goes well beyond storage. (The CCNP Data Center specialization involves storage to some degree, but it does not focus only on storage.)
Job Board Search Results (in alphabetical order, by certification)
Based on name recognition and job board surveys, our picks for 2019 lie with Cisco, HDS, NetApp and SNIA. One item noticeably absent from the leader board this year is the Brocade storage program. This gap in the lineup isn’t for lack of popularity. In fact, quite the opposite is true as the job board search yielded over 3,000 employers seeking candidates with Brocade experience and certs. Unfortunately for certification seekers, after Brocade was acquired by Broadcom, its exams, accreditations, certifications, and instructor-led training are no longer available. However, many free web-based courses remain that cover Fibre Channel Storage Area Networking products for professionals seeking to expand their Brocade knowledge and skills.
The following sections explore each of the preceding certifications and/or programs.
CCIE Data Center: Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert
Of all the storage-related Cisco certifications, the CCIE Data Center is the most senior and the best recognized. While it is a difficult and demanding credential to earn, it comes with a terrific payoff for its holders.
An expert-level credential, CCIE Data Center professionals are masters when it comes to planning, designing, implementing and managing IT data center infrastructures. exam syllabus focus on connectivity (Layers 2 and 3), fabric infrastructure, storage networking and computing, network services, evolving and emerging technologies, and network services and automation.
To earn this credential, candidates must pass both a written and a rigorous 8-hour, two-part practical lab exam. The written exam must be passed before candidates may attempt the lab exam. Lab exams must be attempted within 18 months of successfully passing the written exam. The lab exam is delivered in two parts: The first part consists of a one-hour Diagnostic Module, while Part 2 consists of a 7-hour Configuration and Troubleshooting module. It is reputed to be fiendishly challenging.
CCIE Data Center Facts and Figures
Certification Name
Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) Data Center
Prerequisites & Required Courses
None
Number of Exams
Two exams: CCIE Data Center (400-151) (written exam) and the CCIE Data Center lab exam
Cisco maintains links to recommended training, including self-study materials, study groups, webinars, syllabus, recommended readings, and other resources on the CCIE Data Center and exam web pages.
CCNP Data Center: Cisco Certified Network Professional Data Center
Cisco offers a variety of certifications that address storage networking topics, including the Cisco Certified Entry Networking Technician (CCENT) and the Data Center versions of the CCNA, CCNP, and CCIE (in order of difficulty). The CCNP Data Center credential hits the sweet spot in terms of warranting an IT professional’s knowledge and understanding of Cisco’s storage networking products and platforms in a data center context.
Cisco requires the Cisco Certified Network Associate Data Center (CCNA Data Center) credential or any Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) certification as a prerequisite for the CCNP Data Center.
Cisco CCNP Data Center Facts and Figures
Certification Name
Cisco Certified Network Professional Data Center (CCNP Data Center)
Prerequisites & Required Courses
Valid CCNA Data Center certification or any CCIE certification. Training recommended but not required.
Number of Exams
Four exams:
Implementing Cisco Data Center Unified Computing (300-175 DCUCI) 90 55-65
Implementing Cisco Data Center Infrastructure (300-165 DCII)
Implementing Cisco Data Center Virtualization and Automation (300-170 DCVAI)
plus
Design track: Designing Cisco Data Center Infrastructure (300-160 DCID)
or
Troubleshooting track: Troubleshooting Cisco Data Center Infrastructure (300-180 DCIT)
Cost per Exam
$300 per exam; $1,200 total (price may vary by region). Exams administered by Pearson VUE.
Instructor-led training is recommended. Information on self-study materials and Learning Partner training available at the URL above and on the Cisco Learning Network Data Center (CCNP Data Center) site.
Hitachi Qualified Professional – Storage Administration
Hitachi Vantara, formerly known as the Hitachi Data Systems corporation, is known for its hybrid storage systems, storage management, and networking solutions aimed at Fortune 100 and Fortune Global 100 enterprises. The company has a well-developed certification program to support its products and services.
Unlike most other IT certification sponsors, Hitachi’s program distinguishes between qualifications and certifications. Qualification credentials aim at the associate and professional levels where candidates have broad knowledge of syllabus and concepts. Hitachi certifications are either specialists or experts, where candidates have deep knowledge of and ample hands-on experience with products and solutions.
Both types of credentials fall under various tracks: Administration (professional), Architect (specialist and expert), Implementation and Integration (specialist and expert), Installation and Support (specialist and professional), and Basics and Fundamentals (entry-level), as well as Sales and Presales.
The Hitachi Qualified Professional – Storage Administration credential, part of the Administration track, is an intermediate-level qualification aimed at storage networking professionals who can configure and troubleshoot Hitachi Command Suite products, as well as use Hitachi Device Manager to manage the storage environment. Candidates must pass one exam – Storage Administration HQT-6740 – to earn the credential.
Hitachi Qualified Professional – Storage Administration Facts and Figures
Certification Name
Hitachi Qualified Professional – Storage Administration
Prerequisites & Required Courses:
The TSI2565 Managing Hitachi Storage with Hitachi Command Suite v8.x instructor-led course, which runs five or six days, is offered at HDS training centers. Training costs begin at $4,875.
The exam PDF includes information on exam objectives and training. Candidates must create an HDS account to get more information.
NCDA: NetApp Certified Data Administrator
NetApp has been in the storage business since 1992, and offers a broad line of products and systems for backup and recovery, traditional and virtualized storage and cloud-based data centers. Although NetApp has some stiff competition – Dell EMC, HPE and Hitachi, to name a few – the company understands the value of flexibility and integration with other third-party products. For example, NetApp worked with Cisco to develop FlexPod, which helps customers manage Cisco, Citrix, Cloudera, Microsoft, NetApp, Oracle, Red Hat, VMware, and other applications and environments, and NetApp’s hybrid cloud storage integrates with Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure, among others.
The NetApp Certification Program (NCP) features several certifications within three tracks: Data, Hybrid Cloud and Converged Infrastructure. All NetApp certifications focus on some aspect of storage hardware or the software that powers these products. The Data track includes the NetApp Certified Storage Associate (NCSA) – Hybrid Cloud, the NetApp Certified Storage Installation Engineer, ONTAP as well as our featured certification, the NetApp Certified Data Administrator (NCDA).
The NCDA recognizes working knowledge of NetApp storage architecture, core ONTAP components, high availability, data clustering, protocol administration, storage performance, security and data protection. Candidates must be able to configure controllers running the ONTAP operating system in NFS and Windows (CIFS) environments, and understand NetApp SnapMirror, SnapRestore and SnapVault technologies.
Candidates must pass one exam to earn the credential.
NetApp certifications are valid for 27 months, and credential holders must meet recertification requirements during this period to maintain their certifications.
NCDA Facts and Figures
Certification Name
NetApp Certified Data Administrator (NCDA)
Prerequisites & Required Courses
Recommended:
6 to 12 months of experience implementing and administering NetApp data storage solutions
Knowledge of HA controller implementation and configuration, SyncMirror software or ONTAP solutions with single- or multi-node configurations
NetApp offers instructor-led and web-based training, a practice questions for the NS0-159 exam, and a list of reference documents. (See the NCDA web page for links to training resources.) The NetApp KB TV YouTube channel provides how-to videos on using NetApp technology. Candidates should also browse the NetApp University and Training website for insights on training and exams. No certification study guides or practice exams were found on the NetApp site or on Amazon.
SNIA SNCP: SNIA Storage Networking Certification Program
The Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) is a nonprofit organization incorporated in 1997 and comprises members from various storage vendors and service providers, as well as individuals. The association develops and promotes storage solution specifications and standards, and offers education and certification for storage and information management professionals.
SNIA recently rolled out several changes to its Storage Networking Certification Program (SNCP). Most notable among the changes is the retirement of the SNIA Certified Storage Engineer (SCSE) and SNIA Certified Storage Architect (SCSA). The exams for both credentials were withdrawn on January 31, 2019.
Both the SCSE and SCSA have been replaced by the SNIA Certified Information Architect (SCIA). SNIA will continue to recognize the SCSE and SCSA until November 31, 2021. The Storage Networking Certification Program (SNCP) offers several vendor-neutral certifications:
Each certification requires candidates to pass the S10-110 Foundations exam or hold a current CompTIA Storage+ Powered by SNIA certification (exam no longer offered), which earns the Professional (SCSP) credential. The Networking Expert (SCSN-E) requires all of them.
SNIA certifications are good for three years from the date of certification. After that, a certification holder must take the most current exam to maintain the credential.
SNIA SCNP Facts and Figures
Certification Name
Storage Networking Certification Program (SNCP)
Prerequisites & Required Courses
Training is recommended but not required.
Number of Exams
SCSP: One exam; Storage Networking Foundations S10-110 (65 questions, 90 minutes, passing score of 66 percent)
SCSN-E: Two exams; Foundations S10-110 OR CompTIA Storage+ Powered by SNIA (no longer offered) PLUS SNIA Storage Networking Management Administration (S10-210) OR SNIA Information Architect – Storage Advanced exam (S10-510) and two SNIA Certification Partner product credentials
SQSSP: One exam; SNAI Qualified Storage Sales Professional exam (S10-905)
SNIA provides links to study reference materials, practice exams and training on each certification’s web page. Study materials are also available through training partners.
Beyond the Top 5: More storage certifications
Beyond the top five storage certifications mentioned in this article, there are lots of other certification programs that can further the careers and professional development of IT professionals who work in the networked storage arena.
Although no EMC storage certifications made our top five list for 2018 or 2019, EMC (acquired by Dell in 2016) has one of the longest-standing certification programs for storage. The program offers credentials for data scientists, cloud architects and administrators, storage administrators, cloud and implementation engineers, and a whole lot more.
In addition, look at the credentials available from Arcitura, HPE, Huawei, IBM, Nimble and Sun/Oracle:
Thu, 09 Nov 2023 10:01:00 -0600entext/htmlhttps://www.businessnewsdaily.com/10806-best-storage-certifications.htmlProfessional Engineering Exam
As a licensed Professional Engineer, or PE, you can expect many more benefits when compared to other engineers; most employers offer higher salaries and greater opportunities for advancement to PE's. Only PE's can consult in private practice, and seal company documents to be sent to the government. PEs also have more credibility as expert witnesses in court than most engineers.
Steps in obtaining a PE license:
Pass the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Exam.
Graduate with a bachelor's degree from an ABET accredited engineering curriculum (all Engineering curricula at Michigan Tech except Robotics Engineering).
Gain four years of engineering experience under the supervision of a registered professional engineer.
Pass the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) Exam.
The National Council of Examiners Administers Both Exams for Engineering and Surveying
Engineering students at Michigan Tech are encouraged to take and pass the FE examination during their last semester in college, or the first year after graduation. There will never be a time when you are better prepared to pass it than near graduation.
The examination is offered in April and October each year. Students must visit http://ncees.org/exams/ to register for the exam and pay the $155.00 fee. The registration deadline is approximately two months before the test.
FE exam Waiver
The FE Exam may be waived for those who have earned a BS in engineering and a PhD in engineering. See the NCEES web site for details.
Sun, 04 Sep 2011 15:27:00 -0500entext/htmlhttps://www.mtu.edu/engineering/undergraduate/professional/The Purdue Civics Knowledge Test
“I know of no safe depository of the ultimate powers of the society but the people themselves; and if we think them not enlightened enough to exercise their control with a wholesome discretion, the remedy is not to take it from them, but to inform their discretion.”
As Jefferson’s quote implies, a constitutional republic, such as the United States of America, requires informed, effective, and responsible citizens. Indeed, it has been said that ‘democracy is not a machine that will go of itself” and therefore requires each generation of citizens to develop, and employ, a certain level of civic knowledge in order to sustain it. Defining and developing such civic knowledge—that is, the effective preparation of citizens to fulfill their responsibilities to sustain and enhance self-government--is an essential condition for our representative government to survive.
Unfortunately, the civic literacy of Americans has been a concern for over 75 years. For example, national surveys of college freshman in the 1940s revealed a “striking ignorance” of even the most basic civic knowledge (Fine, 1943, p. 1).” In 2019, the Woodrow Wilson Foundation surveyed 41,000 Americans using 20 questions drawn from the USCIS Naturalization Panel. The results “validated what studies have shown for a century: Americans don’t possess the history knowledge they need to be informed and engaged citizens…. (Wilson Foundation, n.p. 2019)”
Additional support for this trend comes from the Congressionally mandated National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). This assessment measures American K-12 students’ progress in a number of subjects, including civics, every four years. Results of the most exact Grade 12 NAEP-Civics assessment indicated that only 24 percent of 12 th graders scored at the ‘proficient’ level or above and that 36 percent scored below even a ‘basic’ level of civic literacy.
Civics Knowledge
In order to assess student progress, sophisticated frameworks identifying and detailing key civics concepts have been created. For example, the most exact NAEP-Civics assessment framework was developed by a panel of more than two dozen experts in civics and civic education. [2] These authors of the NAEP-Civics Framework determined that essential civic knowledge consisted of answers to questions such as:
What are civic life, politics, and government?
What are the foundations of the American political system?
How does the government established by the Constitution embody the purposes, values, and principles of American democracy?
What is the relationship of the United States to other nations and to world affairs?
What are the roles of citizens in American democracy?
The National Standards for Civics and Government—developed by the Center for Civic Education (2003) [3] — provides another key reference point for determining key civics concepts. The authors of this framework extended their document to stress that educational institutions have a responsibility “to prepare informed, rational, humane, and participating citizens committed to the values and principles of American constitutional democracy (page v).
The Purdue Civics Test
As an educational institution, Purdue University recognizes its responsibility to prepare informed citizens who value the principles of American democracy. The creation of a civics literacy requirement is in-line with that responsibility. The development of the Purdue Civics Knowledge Test is part of the overall literacy plan. The purpose of the test is to measure undergraduate students’ mastery of the basic civics concepts and principles underlying the system of government in the United States. This includes an awareness of their rights and responsibilities, as well as the source of those rights and responsibilities. Students should also know the structure and function of the government as described in the U.S. Constitution, and the role citizens play in the political and social life of the country. Finally, students should be familiar with the origin and contents of significant documents and events that have shaped the United States
“Citizenship—commitment to and participation in a community’s civic life—is the engine of constitutional democracy and a free society. Knowledge of the rights, responsibilities, and privileges of citizenship fuel that engine. Without the participation of informed, effective, and responsible citizens, a democratic republic cannot and does not function, nor can it make progress toward its ideals (NAEP Governing Board, p. 1, 2014).
Although it is hoped that civics knowledge will be related to active participation in civic life, the Purdue Civics Knowledge Test is focused directly on assessing student knowledge of key civics principles, facts, and government structures. It does not try to assess student behavior or beliefs.
Developing the Test
The development of any standardized test should follow clear, well-documented procedures consistent with professional test development practices. The first step is establishing a clear purpose for the test. The purpose of the Purdue Civics Knowledge Test was outlined above. The next steps include (1) identifying eligible content, (2) establishing detailed test specifications, (3) developing items aligned to the targeted content, (4) providing for expert review of test items for content accuracy and freedom from bias, (5) field-testing items, (6) completing the psychometric analysis of field-test data, and (7) creating final test forms. [4] The development of the Purdue Civics Knowledge Test included attention to each of these steps.
Defining Eligible Content . The test development team referenced multiple sources to identify eligible content. The three most significant sources were (1) the National Standards for Civics and Government produced by the Center for Civic Education (2003), (2) The National Assessment of Educational Progress Framework: Civics (2018), and (3) test items from the Naturalization Test for United States Citizenship managed by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). [5] In addition, released items from the AP US History and AP US Government tests were also referenced. As a result, the working group identified five broad constructs that defined eligible civic knowledge content for the test:
Civic life, politics and government,
Foundations of the American political system,
How the government established by the constitution embodies the purposes, values and principles of American democracy,
Roles of citizens in American democracy, and
Important individuals and events in the history of the United States
Establishing Test Specifications . Using these sources, and these constructs, a test blueprint was developed to define the range and balance of eligible test content within a civics knowledge test form. The blueprint also set targets for the cognitive complexity of the final item pool and became a reference point for the development of assessment support materials including the development of study guides and practice tests. The final test blueprint identified five critical civic knowledge dimensions and the specific content standards to be assessed within each dimension. The test blueprint is contained in List 1.
List 1. Test Blueprint
Civic Life, Politics, and Government - 11%
Distinguish between civic life and private life - 2%
Identify ways people are represented in government - 3%
Define limited government and rule of law - 3%
Know the purpose of a constitution - 3%
Foundations of the American Political System - 26%
Identify the historical events and documents that led to the Constitution of the United States - 3%
Identify distinctive characteristics of American society (e.g., absence of nobility, religious freedom, history of slavery, etc.) - 2%
Identify distinctive characteristics of American federalism (i.e., overlapping powers at the local, state, and federal levels) - 5%
Identify the different ways the Constitution can be amended and the types and number of amendments that have been added to the Constitution. - 4%
Identify how the idea of natural rights is critical to the Constitution of the United States.
Identify separated and shared powers. - 4%
Recognize the values and principles of American constitutional democracy - 3%
How the Government Established by the Constitution Embodies the Purposes, Values, and Principles of American Democracy - 30%
Identify how the Constitution of the United States distributed and limited government powers among levels, branches, and agencies - 6%
Identify the main branches of local, state and national government - 4%
Recognize how checks and balances influence the making and enforcing of laws - 7%
Identify examples of the rule of law 4%
Identify the role of political parties in the United States - 4%
Identify the role of the free press - 5%
The Role of Citizens in American Democracy - 19%
Identify constitutional amendments regarding citizenship and participation of citizens in politics (ex. 14th, 15th, 19th and 26th Amendment) - 5%
Identify personal, political, and economic rights of citizens - 9%
Identify ways that citizens take part in civic life - 5%
Important Individuals and Events in the History of the United States - 14%
Recognize the contributions of diverse groups to the political and social development of the United States - 6%
Identify the causes of the American Revolution - 4%
Identify the causes of the Civil War - 4%
Item Development . A team of professional item writers developed well-written items clearly aligned to the targeted learning standard. Items for the civics knowledge test were either adapted from existing sources (e.g., USCIS Naturalization test items, 12 th grade NAEP history and civics items, released civics items from large-scale state testing programs) or were new items written specifically for the Purdue Civics Knowledge Test.
Expert Review of Item Content and Bias and Sensitivity Review . The pool of potential items was reviewed for both content accuracy and to ensure the items were free of potential bias and sensitivity issues. [6] Items were reviewed by expert faculty, and items were edited or eliminated based on this review. Over 175 new items passed the review process.
The Purdue University item review team included:
David Atkinson, Ph.D., Associate Professor, History Faculty
Kathryn Cramer-Brownell, Ph.D., Associate Professor, History Faculty
James McCann, Ph.D., Professor, Political Science Faculty
Christopher Munt, Ph.D., Director of Inclusive Excellence, College of Liberal Arts
Yvonne Pitts, Ph.D., Associate Professor, History Faculty
Phillip VanFossen, Ph.D., J. F. Ackerman Professor of Social Studies Education
Eric Waltenburg, Ph.D., Professor, Political Science Faculty
Peter Watkins, Ph.D. Visiting Professor, Political Science
The wordings of the test items were further subjected to a separate bias review by the Purdue University Division of Diversity and Inclusion
Simultaneous with these reviews and subsequent psychometric analysis, Purdue Libraries, under the direction of Professor Zoe Mayhook, created a resource page to provide background information for students preparing for the test.
Field-Testing the Items . The test development team built four 50-item field test forms. Each form included a core of 19 common items, and an additional set of 31 unique items. This design allowed statistical analyses to place all items on a common underlying difficulty scale. The forms were administered to samples of Purdue undergraduate students in March-April, 2021.
The test was administered through the Brightspace learning management system, with students self-pacing outside of a conventional classroom setting.
The students who took a version of the field test were recruited through a random trial of all undergraduates and two more specialized samples: undergraduates enrolled in political science courses in the Spring-21 term; and international students. In total, 355 students took part in this field test.
Psychometric Analysis of Field Test Data. Item response data collected during the field test were used to establish the psychometric properties of the items and test forms. Each of the test items was analyzed to gauge its difficulty and functioning. The full battery of items was further assessed to confirm the high reliability of the instrument, and student performance was compared across the different forms and samples to explore the overall fairness of the test.
Establishing Final Test Forms . The results of the psychometric analyses guided the development of three distinct, parallel, and equivalent 50-item test forms. The evidence collected during the development process establishing the validity, reliability, and fairness of the final test forms will be summarized in a final technical manual.
Based on the results of the field test, the decision was made to place the passing mark at 80%.
[1] Letter to William Charles Jarvis, 28 September 1820; The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Memorial Edition, Lipscomb and Bergh, eds., vol. 15 (278). More information.
[2]Civics Framework for the 2018 National Assessment of Educational Progress (2018). More information.
[3] Center for Civic Education (2003). National Standards for Civics and Government.Calabasas, CA. More information.
[4] American Educational Research Association., American Psychological Association., National Council on Measurement in Education., & Joint Committee on Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (U.S.). (2014). Standards for educational and psychological testing.
[6] The development process and plans were also submitted for IRB review and approval. This will allow data from the field test data to be presented outside of the immediate working group.
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Wed, 30 May 2018 12:26:00 -0500entext/htmlhttps://www.aba.com/training-events/certifications/certified-financial-marketing-professional/prepare-for-the-exam5 Best At-Home Testosterone Test Kits in 2023
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Our pick for best overall at-home testosterone kit goes to LetsGetChecked, but Verisana gets the nod for most affordable. See how the others stack up according to usability and results.
A quick look at the best at-home testosterone kits
Low testosterone levels can occur in people of any age. An underlying health problem like a pituitary gland disorder or an injury can reduce testosterone levels. Cancer treatments may also be a cause.
One way to check your testosterone levels is to take an at-home testosterone test. In this article, we’ll go over our picks for some of the best at-home testosterone test kits. We’ll also cover the symptoms and diagnosis of low testosterone.
Many products are available for testing your hormone levels at home before seeing your doctor. All of these examine either your saliva, urine, or blood. How you collect your trial and how many samples you take may vary depending on the product.
All home test kits require you to mail your collections to a certified lab for testing. You may get the results within a few days or a few weeks.
You may be tempted to test your testosterone levels using an at-home test kit you’ve seen advertised. Before you try a test kit, make sure you know:
how it works
how reliable it is
what information it will supply you
what to do with your results
We dig deep into the ratings, reviews, accreditations, and business practices of each of the brands listed in this article to ensure they meet industry standards and our high quality standards.
We always check each brand’s medical claims for accuracy and trustworthiness to ensure the products we recommend are safe and effective for you.
For these at-home testosterone test kits, in particular, we made sure the tests produce accurate results and the companies provide assistance after your results are delivered to you.
Testosterone is a sex hormone produced in the testicles and ovaries. Production of testosterone ramps up during puberty and begins to gradually decline in adulthood.
It’s often considered the “male” sex hormone, but people of all sexes and genders produce testosterone. People assigned male at birth (AMAB) produce more testosterone than people assigned female at birth (AFAB), though.
Your body uses testosterone for many purposes, including:
development and function of reproductive organs, including the penis, testicles, and ovaries
voice deepening during puberty
development of facial hair and body hair as well as the progression of balding later in life
development, growth, and strength of bones
muscle mass and body fat distribution
sex drive (libido)
production of sperm
production of red blood cells
Testosterone levels may also play a role in regulating your mood and supporting cognitive function, though research is still inconclusive on exactly how this works. A decrease in testosterone levels is a normal part of aging for people assigned male at birth, especially after age 30.
When your testosterone levels are too high (hypergonadism) or too low (hypogonadism), you may experience uncomfortable symptoms. A blood or saliva test can check the amount of testosterone your body is making.
In males, testosterone levels should generally fall between 300–1,000 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL), or 10–35 nanomoles per liter (nmol/L).
In females, the testosterone levels produced in the ovaries are quite low, between 15–46 ng/dL.
You may need to check your testosterone levels if you’re experiencing any symptoms associated with low T, regardless of your age or sex.
Before you start T therapy, a healthcare professional will need to check your base levels of the sex hormones testosterone and estrogen so you can take an appropriate dose of T to achieve the level of masculinization you want.
Current guidelines suggest getting your levels checked every 3 months for the first year that you’re on HRT and every 6–12 months afterward.
Monitoring your testosterone levels is important because taking too much testosterone can have adverse effects like metabolic problems, while doses that are too low may induce a hypogonadism-like state and could cause significant losses in bone density.
Not to mention, if your testosterone levels aren’t high enough, you may not experience the masculinization you desire or you may notice changes happening very slowly.
Remember, though, that it can take several years for the maximum effects of T therapy to develop. Plus, not everyone taking T will experience the same effects — everybody is different!
If you’re taking an at-home testosterone test, the type of collection method used to test testosterone levels may vary. Different types of collection methods may include blood samples, urine samples, or saliva samples.
Testosterone levels vary throughout the day and are highest in the morning. For this reason, your test instructions may say that you should collect samples between 7:00 a.m. and 10:00 a.m.
A blood test for testosterone can tell a healthcare professional how much free testosterone is circulating in your blood. It can also show the total amount of the hormone in your body.
One study from 2016 suggests that measuring free testosterone is a better way to diagnose hypogonadism accurately.
Remember that many factors can affect total testosterone levels, and high or low levels do not necessarily indicate a clinical problem.
Some factors that could lead to decreases in T levels might include:
your age
your weight
disorders of the testicles, pituitary gland, or brain
According to 2015 research, low testosterone may affect about 10% of men over age 30, and up to 40% of men over age 70.
Low T levels may cause different symptoms depending on your age, your sex assigned at birth, and whether you’re undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) as part of a gender transition.
trouble concentrating, depression, or other mood or cognitive changes
Consider talking with a healthcare professional if you experience any of these symptoms and suspect that you may have low or decreased testosterone. Low T can be a normal part of aging, but drastic or rapid changes could indicate a health condition that may need treatment.
In adults assigned female at birth (AFAB)
For AFAB adults who aren’t intentionally modifying their hormone levels, research is limited to what low testosterone feels like. There also isn’t a set guideline for what constitutes low T in this population.
Some symptoms, which are largely attributed to low estrogen levels, may include:
fatigue or sluggishness
menstrual irregularities
vaginal dryness
loss of bone density
lowered sex drive
trouble sleeping
problems with fertility
unintentional weight gain
mood changes, including depression
Consider talking with a healthcare professional if you experience any of these symptoms and suspect that you may have low or decreased testosterone. Again, since the research is limited on low testosterone levels for AFAB adults, the symptoms could vary from those listed above.
The onset of menopause, dysfunction of the pituitary or adrenal glands, or problems with ovarian health could be causing your hormone levels to shift, and you may need to seek treatment or support managing symptoms.
At-home testosterone tests allow you to collect your own trial and ship it back to a lab for evaluation. These test kits require you to collect either saliva or blood, and they come with everything you need to return your trial safely and securely.
Testosterone tests, in general, track the amount of free testosterone present in the trial provided. This can help supply you a better overall idea of your testosterone levels.
Blood test kits will come with a pinprick mechanism that can break the skin on your finger and allow a small amount of blood to flow.
The kit also comes with a collection vial, a biohazard/specimen bag, and a return envelope or a separate shipping label. You’ll want to collect the required amount of blood in the included vial, complete any required forms or trial labeling, and securely return your test.
Make sure to read through the instructions and take any necessary precautions to ensure that you don’t accidentally damage or taint your blood sample. This could potentially skew your results.
Saliva test kits are very similar to blood test kits in how you collect, label, and ship your sample. The advantage of a saliva test is that it doesn’t require a finger pinprick, which is good news for those who are uncomfortable with needles.
However, the effectiveness of testing saliva over blood is up for discussion. A 2013 study found that saliva test results were fairly accurate and reliable for testing testosterone levels.
However, research from 2014 found that saliva tests were less accurate than blood samples because free testosterone could bind with saliva proteins and ultimately skew the results.
If you want to test your T levels, in general, a saliva or blood test is a good option for you. But, if you or your doctor need results that are as accurate as possible, a blood test may be your best bet.
Of course, there’s no substitute for getting tests done in person at a certified lab. This can help reduce the risk of any errors in the trial collection and evaluation process.
If you decide to measure your testosterone levels with a home kit, you should be prepared to take any necessary next steps. The laboratory results should come with an explanation of your measured testosterone level.
If your level is considered average, but you still have symptoms that concern you, it’s a good idea to talk with a healthcare professional like a doctor or endocrinologist.
If your results come back as lower than average, make an appointment to see a doctor before trying any home remedies. Over-the-counter testosterone supplements aren’t approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and could carry a risk of side effects, especially if you’re taking other medications.
Plus, at-home test kits aren’t likely as accurate as in-office lab tests. A doctor may want to double-check your levels before recommending any treatment.
Not to mention, low T can sometimes be a sign of a serious underlying medical condition. It’s important to work with a professional to rule out or treat any conditions.
It’s important to choose a home testosterone kit produced by a reputable brand that delivers results on a timeline that works for you.
You might also want to think about costs, collection methods, and whether the brand connects you with healthcare professionals to go over your results. Some other qualities to look out for are:
Results deliverytime: Some at-home testosterone kits take longer to return your results than others. If you’re experiencing uncomfortable symptoms that could be associated with low T, you may want to spring for a kit that offers faster results.
Collection methods: Testosterone levels can be tested by your saliva or your blood. While blood tests are considered more reliable, most people have an easier time collecting saliva samples. Be sure to think through which method you’d prefer.
Access to support: Some companies connect you with in-house healthcare professionals, who can help you decipher your test results and talk over next steps if your levels are out of the normal range. Ask yourself how confident you are in your ability to understand your results and determine whether this kind of support is important to you.
Affordability: The at-home testosterone kits on our list range from $49 to more than $200. Most insurance plans won’t cover these kits, so be sure to keep that in mind as you consider your budget.
Brand integrity: When submitting your trial for analysis, you’re trusting the lab with potentially sensitive health information. It’s important to choose a brand that you feel will respect your privacy. It may be a good idea to read reviews from real consumers before selecting a testosterone kit.
Research suggests that only about 5–10% of men with low testosterone are receiving treatment.
If a healthcare professional diagnoses you with low T, there are several treatment options available.
Depending on the cause of your low T, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes as a front-line treatment. These could include influencing your weight, switching medications, and cutting back on alcohol or tobacco.
Your doctor might also suggest that you start testosterone replacement therapy, a medical intervention through which you supplement your body’s natural T levels by taking synthetic testosterone.
Some popular types of T therapy include:
skin patch
topical gels
injections
oral medications
Each method comes with its own risks and benefits, and some might not be available in certain areas. Talk through your options with a healthcare professional like a physician or endocrinologist to choose the type that’s right for you.
People with low T may begin to experience symptom relief within 6 weeks of starting T therapy, though some changes like muscle mass development can take a little longer.
If you’re trans and using HRT as part of your transition, your healthcare team can adjust your dose if your levels are consistently too low or too high. Talk with your doctors about your dose if you’re concerned.
Are at-home testosterone tests accurate? Do saliva testosterone tests work?
Before you rely on the results of a testosterone home test kit, you should be aware of the accuracy of salivary testing versus blood testing.
Testing saliva is easier and less invasive than drawing blood. Still, testosterone in saliva samples can be affected by how they’re collected and stored, so researchers are interested in whether this method is reliable.
The results and expert opinions are mixed.
Some studies and reviews suggest that saliva testing is preferable because it’s less stressful for the patient. A 2016 study concluded that saliva is a reliable method to determine testosterone levels.
But there has not been enough analysis of commercial home testing kits. Whether they deliver accurate, reliable, and unvarying results has not been confirmed.
Are at-home testosterone kits as accurate as doctor-administered testosterone tests?
Research into at-home testosterone kits is lacking. It’s unclear how accurate they are compared with tests ordered by a doctor in a lab.
However, it’s safe to say that an in-office testosterone test will be less subject to human error. Doctors, especially endocrinologists, are trained in collecting and handling samples properly.
Plus, if you discuss the results of an at-home testosterone kit with a healthcare professional, chances are they’ll want to double-check your levels via a professional test anyway.
While at-home kits can provide a good baseline for starting a conversation with a professional, doctor-administered tests are likely more accurate.
When should I see my doctor about low testosterone?
Make an appointment with a healthcare professional if your test results show low testosterone or if you’re experiencing symptoms of low T. They’ll probably want to check again using a more reliable method to be sure.
Who should do testosterone testing?
You may need to check your testosterone levels if you’re experiencing any symptoms associated with low T, regardless of your age or sex assigned at birth.
Keeping an eye on your testosterone levels is also important for transgender men and transmasculine people who are using hormone replacement therapy as part of their transition.
Trans folks should check their levels every 3 months for the first year that they’re on HRT and every 6–12 months afterward.
How do I choose the right home testosterone test for me?
Many factors go into choosing an at-home test, such as:
Would you rather avoid a finger prick?
Do you have a budget?
Are you on a time crunch?
You may also want to look at reviews to see if other people have found that certain brands provide better accuracy than others.
Also, certain brands may not be able to deliver results to certain states, so make sure you live in a state where the results of at-home kits can eventually be sent to you.
Does insurance cover at-home testosterone tests?
Health insurance plans don’t generally cover at-home tests. Most insurers prefer that you undergo laboratory testing in a doctor’s office if you have symptoms of low T.
However, you may be able to pay using a Flexible Spending Account (FSA) or Health Savings Account (HSA). You can also check with your insurance provider to see if you’re eligible for reimbursement.
Having low testosterone levels may be a regular part of the aging process. But you may also have a condition that’s causing your levels to drop.
While at-home kits may provide some insight into your levels, the best solution is to work with a healthcare professional that you trust to get an accurate diagnosis and learn about your treatment options.
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